Ledda Roberta Eufrasia, Funk Georg-Christian, Sverzellati Nicola
Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Department of Medicine II with Pneumology, Karl Landsteiner Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Klinik Ottakring, Vienna, Austria.
Eur Radiol. 2025 Jan;35(1):267-275. doi: 10.1007/s00330-024-10939-6. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Several trials have shown that low-dose computed tomography-based lung cancer screening (LCS) allows a substantial reduction in lung cancer-related mortality, carrying the potential for other clinical benefits. There are, however, some uncertainties to be clarified and several aspects to be implemented to optimize advantages and minimize the potential harms of LCS. This review summarizes current evidence on LCS, discussing some of the well-established and potential benefits, including lung cancer (LC)-related mortality reduction and opportunity for smoking cessation interventions, as well as the disadvantages of LCS, such as overdiagnosis and overtreatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Different perspectives are provided on LCS based on the updated literature. KEY POINTS: Lung cancer is a leading cancer-related cause of death and screening should reduce associated mortality. This review summarizes current evidence related to LCS. Several aspects need to be implemented to optimize benefits and minimize potential drawbacks of LCS.
多项试验表明，基于低剂量计算机断层扫描的肺癌筛查（LCS）可大幅降低肺癌相关死亡率，并具有产生其他临床益处的潜力。然而，仍有一些不确定性需要澄清，还有几个方面需要落实，以优化LCS的优势并将其潜在危害降至最低。本综述总结了关于LCS的当前证据，讨论了一些已明确的和潜在的益处，包括降低肺癌（LC）相关死亡率以及提供戒烟干预的机会，以及LCS的缺点，如过度诊断和过度治疗。临床相关性声明：基于最新文献对LCS提供了不同观点。关键点：肺癌是癌症相关的主要死因，筛查应降低相关死亡率。本综述总结了与LCS相关的当前证据。需要落实几个方面以优化LCS的益处并将其潜在弊端降至最低。
