Yildiz Serhat, Downing Patrick, Knight Caroline J, Frugé Andrew D, Greene Michael W
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
College of Nursing, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 2;11:1405369. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1405369. eCollection 2024.
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans has recommended consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) for overall health and wellbeing, and the US News & World Report has ranked the MD as the top diet overall for the past six consecutive years. However, it is uncertain if university students in the United States (US) have increased their adoption of this dietary approach over these past six years.
Longitudinal cross-sectional survey conducted in three cohorts (2018, 2020, 2022) utilizing regression models to assess MD Adherence and other relevant outcomes variables.
University in the southern US.
Students ( = 761) enrolled in undergraduate introductory nutrition course.
Survey respondents were 83% female, 91% white, and 97% ages 18-24. Predictors of MD adherence were older age, female gender, and health-related qualifications. MD adherence was lowest in 2022. The 2022 group perceived less MD health benefits, weight loss, ethical concerns, natural content, and sensory appeal compared to the 2018 group. During the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in eating behavior were examined in the 2020 and 2022 groups. We observed that participants in the 2022 group had a greater frequency of snacking and a lower frequency of eating out compared to 2020 group.
MD adherence did not increase over time in US university students. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and education to promote healthier eating habits in university students.
《美国膳食指南》推荐采用地中海饮食（MD）以促进整体健康和幸福，并且《美国新闻与世界报道》连续六年将地中海饮食列为总体最佳饮食。然而，过去六年中，美国大学生对这种饮食方式的采用是否增加尚不确定。
对三个队列（2018年、2020年、2022年）进行纵向横断面调查，利用回归模型评估地中海饮食依从性及其他相关结果变量。
美国南部的一所大学。
参加本科基础营养课程的学生（n = 761）。
调查对象中83%为女性，91%为白人，97%年龄在18 - 24岁。地中海饮食依从性的预测因素为年龄较大、女性性别以及与健康相关的资质。2022年地中海饮食依从性最低。与2018年组相比，2022年组认为地中海饮食对健康的益处、减肥效果、伦理问题、天然成分和感官吸引力更低。在新冠疫情期间，对2020年和2022年组的饮食行为变化进行了研究。我们观察到，与2020年组相比，2022年组的参与者吃零食的频率更高，外出就餐的频率更低。
美国大学生对地中海饮食的依从性并未随时间增加。这些发现强调了需要有针对性的干预和教育，以促进大学生养成更健康的饮食习惯。
