Bezerra Alexandra M R, Di Russo Edoardo, Castiglia Riccardo
Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belém, Brazil Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi Belém Brazil.
Fiocruz/IOC, Rio de janeiro, Brazil Fiocruz/IOC Rio de janeiro Brazil.
Biodivers Data J. 2024 Jul 5;12:e124810. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e124810. eCollection 2024.
The dissemination of specimen data in scientific collections is a crucial step in making them available to the scientific community. However, even today, especially in some countries, little or nothing is known about the contents of the naturalistic collections of some museums. This is regrettable, especially in cases where the collections include historic specimens and endangered species. The Museum of Comparative Anatomy "Giovanni Battista Grassi", situated in Rome, Italy, houses historical anatomical and didactic collections, with specimens gathered from 1600s and almost worldwide. The collection holds 444 specimens of medium and large-sized terrestrial mammals, comprising 25 fossils, 40 skins, 186 skulls, 70 skeletons and 123 anatomical pieces, representing 63% of recent mammal orders, mainly from localities of Africa and Europe. A list of this material, indexed by the orders and families, is provided, as well as comments on the conservation status of the species. Remarkable data are summarised, including new data on a hippopotamus specimen from an extinct population and the record of three rhinoceros species from 1600s. Besides comparative anatomical studies, the Museum of Comparative Anatomy of Sapienza University emerges as a source of important material for biodiversity genomics.
在科学馆藏中传播标本数据是将其提供给科学界的关键一步。然而，即使在今天，尤其是在一些国家，人们对某些博物馆自然标本收藏的内容知之甚少或一无所知。这令人遗憾，特别是在这些收藏包含历史标本和濒危物种的情况下。位于意大利罗马的“乔瓦尼·巴蒂斯塔·格拉西”比较解剖学博物馆收藏了历史解剖学和教学标本，这些标本收集于17世纪，几乎来自世界各地。该馆藏有444件大中型陆生哺乳动物标本，包括25件化石、40张兽皮、186个头骨、70具骨骼和123个解剖部件，代表了63%的现存哺乳动物目，主要来自非洲和欧洲的产地。提供了这份按目和科编制索引的材料清单，以及对物种保护状况的评论。总结了一些重要数据，包括来自一个已灭绝种群的河马标本的新数据以及17世纪三种犀牛物种的记录。除了比较解剖学研究外，罗马第一大学比较解剖学博物馆还成为生物多样性基因组学重要材料的来源。
