Departments of Neurology.
Medicine and Neurology.
Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2024;38(3):241-248. doi: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000632. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Alzheimer disease (AD) has a long preclinical phase in which AD pathology is accumulating without detectable clinical symptoms. It is critical to identify participants in this preclinical phase as early as possible since treatment plans may be more effective in this stage. Monitoring for changes in driving behavior, as measured with GPS sensors, has been explored as a low-burden, easy-to-administer method for detecting AD risk. However, driving is a complex, multifaceted process that is likely influenced by other factors, including personality traits, that may change in preclinical AD.
We examine the moderating influence of neuroticism and conscientiousness on longitudinal changes in driving behavior in a sample of 203 clinically normal older adults who are at varying risk of developing AD.
Neuroticism moderated rates of change in the frequency of speeding as well as the number of trips taken at night. Conscientiousness moderated rates of change in typical driving space.
Personality traits change in early AD and also influence driving behaviors. Studies that seek to utilize naturalistic driving behavior to establish AD risk need to accommodate interpersonal differences, of which personality traits are one of many possible factors. Future studies should explicitly establish how much benefit is provided by including personality traits in predictive models of AD progression.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）有一个很长的临床前期，在此期间 AD 病理不断积累，而没有可检测到的临床症状。尽早识别处于临床前期的参与者至关重要，因为在这个阶段治疗计划可能更有效。使用 GPS 传感器监测驾驶行为的变化已被探索作为一种低负担、易于管理的方法来检测 AD 风险。然而，驾驶是一个复杂的、多方面的过程，可能受到其他因素的影响，包括个性特征，这些特征可能在临床前 AD 中发生变化。
我们研究了神经质和尽责性对 203 名临床正常的老年成年人驾驶行为纵向变化的调节作用，这些成年人处于不同的 AD 发病风险中。
神经质调节了超速行驶的频率以及夜间行驶次数的变化率。尽责性调节了典型驾驶空间的变化率。
个性特征在早期 AD 中发生变化，也会影响驾驶行为。那些试图利用自然驾驶行为来确定 AD 风险的研究需要适应人际差异，而个性特征是许多可能因素之一。未来的研究应该明确确定在 AD 进展的预测模型中包含个性特征能提供多少益处。
