Correa Kelly A, Michopoulos Vasiliki, Stevens Jennifer S, Harnett Nathaniel G
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Trauma Stress. 2024 Oct;37(5):746-753. doi: 10.1002/jts.23081. Epub 2024 Jul 17.
Understanding biological pathways that mediate trauma-related psychopathology is a major goal for traumatic stress studies. There is growing interest in studying differences in neural, physiological, and behavioral correlates of traumatic stress across demographic groups (e.g., sex/gender, race/ethnicity). However, challenges remain in how to appropriately conceptualize the source, mechanisms, and practical utility of between-group variation. The present brief conceptual review discusses ethnicity, race, and sex/gender-related variability relevant to understanding the psychobiology of traumatic stress in the context of traumatic stress studies. We discuss recent evidence related to socioenvironmental influences on ethnoracial variability in the brain and behavior relevant to traumatic stress, as well as sex/gender associations in neurophysiology that may contribute to the development of adverse posttraumatic sequelae. We further synthesize these findings by discussing intersectional influences of sex/gender- and race/ethnicity-related factors on trauma-related physical and mental health outcomes. The present review provides an important foundation for future research on disparities and individual differences in traumatic stress to move the field toward more effective assessment and treatment approaches.
理解介导创伤相关精神病理学的生物学途径是创伤应激研究的主要目标。人们越来越关注研究不同人口群体（如性别、种族/民族）之间创伤应激的神经、生理和行为相关性差异。然而，在如何恰当地概念化组间差异的来源、机制和实际效用方面，仍然存在挑战。本简要概念性综述讨论了在创伤应激研究背景下，与理解创伤应激心理生物学相关的种族、民族和性别相关变异性。我们讨论了近期有关社会环境对与创伤应激相关的大脑和行为中的种族差异影响的证据，以及可能导致不良创伤后后遗症发展的神经生理学中的性别关联。我们通过讨论性别和种族/民族相关因素对创伤相关身心健康结果的交叉影响，进一步综合这些发现。本综述为未来关于创伤应激差异和个体差异的研究提供了重要基础，以使该领域朝着更有效的评估和治疗方法发展。
