Fang Mengchen, Zhang Peizhen
School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2024 Apr 28;49(4):516-525. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230399.
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive quantitative measure of cardiac autonomic nervous activity. Due to the increase of age and the decrease of estrogen level in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, the cardiac autonomic nervous function is abnormal, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Proper exercise can increase estrogen levels, improve cardiovascular health, regulate cardiac autonomic nervous activity, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Low-moderate intensity aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, aerobic combined resistance exercise and mind-body exercise have positive effects on HRV in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Therefore, summarizing the effects of different exercise modes on HRV in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, as well as the mechanism of exercise training improvement on HRV, so as to adopt better exercise strategies to improve HRV of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, and thus reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and improve the health level and quality of life of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.
心率变异性（HRV）是一种用于评估心脏自主神经活动的非侵入性定量指标。随着围绝经期和绝经后女性年龄的增长以及雌激素水平的下降，心脏自主神经功能出现异常，增加了心血管疾病的风险。适当的运动可以提高雌激素水平，改善心血管健康，调节心脏自主神经活动，并降低心血管疾病的风险。低至中等强度的有氧运动、抗阻运动、有氧联合抗阻运动以及身心运动对围绝经期和绝经后女性的HRV具有积极影响。因此，总结不同运动方式对围绝经期和绝经后女性HRV的影响，以及运动训练改善HRV的机制，从而采取更好的运动策略来提高围绝经期和绝经后女性的HRV，进而降低心血管疾病的风险，提高围绝经期和绝经后女性的健康水平和生活质量。
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