Wu Kuo-Cheng, Lee Yu-Lung, Chen Shiau-Cheng
Graduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 2;15:1415693. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1415693. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to examine perceptual-cognitive skills across age, gender and elite levels of badminton adolescent athletes.
A total of 57 badminton athletes divided into junior high school athletes (age = 13.36 ± 1.14 years, females = 22, males = 11) and senior high school athletes (age = 16.25 ± 0.84 years, females = 11, males = 13) were evaluated using a cognitive component skills approach. Elite levels were classified as semi-elite ( = 29, score = 3.23) and competitive elite ( = 28, score = 5.84) levels. Each group completed a cognitive test, including an evaluation of their capacity for Corsi block-tapping (CCT) and spatial priming tasks (SPT).
No gender effects were found in the perceptual skills of the adolescent players, and the age effect was consistent across gender. For the elite levels, the perceptual-cognitive skills of SPT of reaction time was performed equally in the groups of semi-elite and competitive players, however, in the CCT Span of working-memory (WM), competitive-elite players outperformed semi-elite players.
We found that perceptual-cognitive skills of WM play crucial roles in the open-skill sports of badminton. Thus, when developing advanced skills to higher elite levels in adolescent players, perceptual-cognitive skills should be considered.
本研究旨在考察不同年龄、性别以及不同精英水平的青少年羽毛球运动员的感知认知技能。
共有57名羽毛球运动员参与研究，他们被分为初中组运动员（年龄=13.36±1.14岁，女性22名，男性11名）和高中组运动员（年龄=16.25±0.84岁，女性11名，男性13名），采用认知成分技能方法进行评估。精英水平分为半精英（n=29，得分=3.23）和竞技精英（n=28，得分=5.84）两个等级。每组运动员都完成了一项认知测试，包括对他们的科西方块敲击（CCT）能力和空间启动任务（SPT）的评估。
在青少年运动员的感知技能方面未发现性别差异，年龄效应在不同性别中表现一致。对于精英水平而言，半精英组和竞技精英组在SPT反应时间的感知认知技能表现相当，然而，在CCT工作记忆广度（WM）方面，竞技精英组运动员的表现优于半精英组运动员。
我们发现工作记忆的感知认知技能在羽毛球这种开放性技能运动中起着关键作用。因此，在培养青少年运动员达到更高的精英水平的高级技能时，应考虑感知认知技能。
