Zhang Bing-Chen, Lai Chun-Mei, Luo Bang-Yue, Shao Jing-Wei
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguan Institute of Clinical Cancer Research, the Tenth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University (Dongguan People's Hospital), Dongguan 523058, China.
Acta Pharm Sin B. 2024 Jul;14(7):3205-3217. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2024.04.033. Epub 2024 May 8.
Combination immunotherapy has shown promising potential for enhancing the objective response rate compared to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) monotherapy. However, combination therapy with multi-drugs is limited by the different properties of the agents and inconsistent synergistic targeted delivery. Herein, based on a universal triterpene template and the anticancer active agent ursolic acid (UA), a cytomembrane-coated biomimetic delivery nanoplatform (UR@M) prepared by the self-assembly of a targeted CRISPR/Cas9 system and UA was designed for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. UR@M showed enhanced tumor accumulation with homologous tumor targeting, and CRISPR in the nanosystem exhibited potent gene-editing efficiency of 76.53% and 62.42% with no off-target effects. UA activated the natural immune system through the TLR-2-MyD88-TRAF6 pathway, which synergistically enhanced the proliferation of natural killer cells and dendritic cells and realized excellent immune cytotoxic T cell infiltration by combining with the ICB of . The strategy of work along both lines based on innate immune and adaptive immunity displayed a significant effect in tumor regression. Overall, the UA-templated strategy "killed three birds with one stone" by establishing a self-assembly nanosystem, inducing tumor cell death, and promoting synergistic immunostimulation for HCC treatment.
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