Zeng Xiangdi, Chen Qi, Chen Tingtao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China.
The First Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University Nanchang Jiangxi China.
Bioeng Transl Med. 2024 Apr 17;9(4):e10672. doi: 10.1002/btm2.10672. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Cancer presents a formidable challenge in modern medicine due to the intratumoral heterogeneity and the dynamic microenvironmental niche. Natural or genetically engineered oncolytic bacteria have always been hailed by scientists for their intrinsic tumor-targeting and oncolytic capacities. However, the immunogenicity and low toxicity inevitably constrain their application in clinical practice. When nanomaterials, characterized by distinctive physicochemical properties, are integrated with oncolytic bacteria, they achieve mutually complementary advantages and construct efficient and safe nanobiohybrids. In this review, we initially analyze the merits and drawbacks of conventional tumor therapeutic approaches, followed by a detailed examination of the precise oncolysis mechanisms employed by oncolytic bacteria. Subsequently, we focus on harnessing nanomaterial-assisted oncolytic bacteria (NAOB) to augment the effectiveness of tumor therapy and utilizing them as nanotheranostic agents for imaging-guided tumor treatment. Finally, by summarizing and analyzing the current deficiencies of NAOB, this review provides some innovative directions for developing nanobiohybrids, intending to infuse novel research concepts into the realm of solid tumor therapy.
由于肿瘤内的异质性和动态的微环境生态位，癌症在现代医学中构成了一项艰巨的挑战。天然或基因工程改造的溶瘤细菌一直因其固有的肿瘤靶向和溶瘤能力而受到科学家们的赞誉。然而，免疫原性和低毒性不可避免地限制了它们在临床实践中的应用。当具有独特物理化学性质的纳米材料与溶瘤细菌结合时，它们实现了优势互补，构建了高效且安全的纳米生物杂交体。在本综述中，我们首先分析传统肿瘤治疗方法的优缺点，随后详细研究溶瘤细菌所采用的精确溶瘤机制。接着，我们专注于利用纳米材料辅助的溶瘤细菌（NAOB）来提高肿瘤治疗的有效性，并将它们用作成像引导肿瘤治疗的纳米诊疗剂。最后，通过总结和分析NAOB目前的不足之处，本综述为开发纳米生物杂交体提供了一些创新方向，旨在为实体瘤治疗领域注入新的研究理念。
