Bisignano Kelly K, Smith Jennyffer D, Harrison Wendy W
Department of Clinical Sciences College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
Clin Optom (Auckl). 2024 Jul 12;16:147-155. doi: 10.2147/OPTO.S468076. eCollection 2024.
Local retinal oxygen saturation is a research technique, which has the potential as a biomarker for diabetes. However, normative data has not been established. This study examined differences in oxygen saturation around the macula and characterizes the relationship between age, race, refractive error (RE), sex, blood pressure (BP), prediabetic status and oxygen saturation.
Fifty-nine subjects aged 22-69 (38.8 ± 14.7 years) were included who were racially diverse and with equal gender distribution. None had eye disease. Oxygen saturation was taken with the Zilia Ocular in 4 locations around the macula 3.1 degrees from the fovea and they were also averaged. BP, RE, and HbA1c were noted. Regression analyses for oximetry and other factors were completed as were -tests with multiple comparison corrections.
There were significant variations in oximetry measures by race, with higher pigmentation levels associated with lower oximetry values (p < 0.01). There was no relationship between oximetry and sex (p = 0.34), RE (p = 0.67), BP (systolic p = 0.61, diastolic p = 0.71) nor prediabetic status (p = 0.87). Oximetry was associated with age when controlling for race (P < 0.002). Nasal-temporal variations showed nasal oximetry to higher than temporal measures (P < 0.01).
This study revealed race/pigmentation is an important influence on oximetry measures. Retinal location also caused variations, likely due to proximity to larger vessels nasally. No differences in sex, RE nor BP were observed to alter local oxygen saturation. However, age was correlated when considered with race. This study will inform our future work in different disease states and is an important first step in evaluating this technology.
局部视网膜氧饱和度是一种研究技术，有潜力成为糖尿病的生物标志物。然而，尚未建立规范数据。本研究检查了黄斑周围氧饱和度的差异，并描述了年龄、种族、屈光不正（RE）、性别、血压（BP）、糖尿病前期状态与氧饱和度之间的关系。
纳入59名年龄在22 - 69岁（38.8±14.7岁）的受试者，他们种族多样且性别分布均衡。均无眼部疾病。使用Zilia Ocular在距黄斑中心凹3.1度的黄斑周围4个位置测量氧饱和度，并计算平均值。记录BP、RE和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）。完成了血氧测定与其他因素的回归分析以及进行了多重比较校正的t检验。
血氧测定值因种族存在显著差异，色素沉着水平越高，血氧测定值越低（p < 0.01）。血氧测定与性别（p = 0.34）、RE（p = 0.67）、BP（收缩压p = 0.61，舒张压p = 0.71）以及糖尿病前期状态（p = 0.87）均无关系。在控制种族因素后，血氧测定与年龄相关（P < 0.002）。鼻颞侧差异显示鼻侧血氧测定值高于颞侧测量值（P < 0.01）。
本研究表明种族/色素沉着对血氧测定值有重要影响。视网膜位置也会导致差异，可能是因为鼻侧靠近较大血管。未观察到性别、RE和BP的差异会改变局部氧饱和度。然而，在考虑种族因素时，年龄与之相关。本研究将为我们未来在不同疾病状态下的工作提供参考，是评估该技术的重要第一步。
