Huang Shicun, Gao Ya, Chen Yingqi, Wang Yiqing, Lu Yeting, Gao Wei, Hu Xiaowei, Fang Qi
Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Department of Neurology, Suzhou Guangci Cancer Hospital, Suzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 10;11:1389338. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1389338. eCollection 2024.
The association between dietary zinc intake and epilepsy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between zinc intake from the diet and epilepsy, employing Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore potential causal links between zinc and epilepsy.
The cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2013 and 2018. Among the 4,434 participants included, 1.5% (67/4,434) reported having epilepsy. Restricted cubic spline models and logistic regression models were employed to examine the relationships between dietary zinc intakes and epilepsy. Subsequently, a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using the inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach as the primary analysis.
In the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, the relationship between dietary zinc consumption and epilepsy displayed an L-shaped curve (nonlinear, = 0.049). After multivariate adjustments, the adjusted odds ratios for epilepsy in T2 (5.0-11.0 mg/day) and T3 (≥11.0 mg/day) were 0.49 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.92, = 0.026) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.31-1.17, = 0.132), respectively, compared to the lowest dietary zinc consumption tertile (T1, ≤5.0 mg/day). The IVW method indicated that genetically predicted zinc intake per standard-deviation increase was inversely associated with three types of epilepsy, including all types of epilepsy (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02-1.11, = 0.008), generalized epilepsy (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.25, = 0.030), and focal epilepsy (documented hippocampal sclerosis) (OR = 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02, = 0.025).
Our findings suggest that a daily zinc intake ranging from 5.0 to 11.0 mg is associated with the lowest risk of epilepsy. Furthermore, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies provide additional support for the existence of a causal relationship between zinc and epilepsy.
饮食中锌摄入量与癫痫之间的关联尚不清楚。本研究旨在调查饮食中锌摄入量与癫痫之间的关系，采用孟德尔随机化方法（MR）来探索锌与癫痫之间潜在的因果联系。
这项横断面研究利用了2013年至2018年期间进行的美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据。在纳入的4434名参与者中，1.5%（67/4434）报告患有癫痫。采用受限立方样条模型和逻辑回归模型来检验饮食中锌摄入量与癫痫之间的关系。随后，使用逆方差加权（IVW）方法进行两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）分析作为主要分析。
在受限立方样条（RCS）分析中，饮食中锌消耗量与癫痫之间的关系呈现出L形曲线（非线性，P = 0.049）。经过多变量调整后，与饮食中锌消耗量最低的三分位数（T1，≤5.0毫克/天）相比，T2（5.0 - 11.0毫克/天）和T3（≥11.0毫克/天）中癫痫的调整比值比分别为0.49（95%置信区间[CI]：0.26 - 0.92，P = 0.026）和0.60（95% CI：0.31 - 1.17，P = 0.132）。IVW方法表明，每标准差增加的基因预测锌摄入量与三种类型的癫痫呈负相关，包括所有类型的癫痫（OR = 1.06，95% CI：1.02 - 1.11，P = 0.008）、全身性癫痫（OR = 1.13，95% CI：1.01 - 1.25，P = 0.030）和局灶性癫痫（记录有海马硬化）（OR = 1.01，95% CI：1.00 - 1.02，P = 0.025）。
我们的研究结果表明，每日锌摄入量在5.0至11.0毫克之间与癫痫风险最低相关。此外，孟德尔随机化（MR）研究为锌与癫痫之间因果关系的存在提供了额外支持。
