Kinney M Killian, Victor Bryan G, Fortenberry J Dennis
Claire Argow Social Work Program, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, USA.
School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Int J Transgend Health. 2023 Jul 21;25(3):483-503. doi: 10.1080/26895269.2023.2232351. eCollection 2024.
Traditionally, gender has been viewed through an essentialist lens with fixed biology-based traits or polarized gender norms between women and men. As awareness of gender diversity grows, increasingly more people are coming out as nonbinary - or not exclusively a man or woman. Little has been explored regarding experiences unique to nonbinary individuals, particularly beyond a focus on adverse risks and outcomes to understand their wellbeing. This article discusses gendered experiences and the construction of wellbeing among nonbinary individuals. The purpose of this study was to conceptualize wellbeing as a complex multidimensional phenomenon through nonbinary individuals' perspectives. A virtual PhotoVoice study was conducted with 17 nonbinary adults in the Midwestern United States who participated in online group discussions and in-depth semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed with thematic analysis. The analysis identified five core dimensions of nonbinary wellbeing: 1) Security, 2) Mental and physical health, 3) Autonomy, 4) Belonging, and 5) Gender positivity. Exemplary definitions of wellbeing are also presented. Understanding how nonbinary individuals thrive challenges the framing of gender diverse experiences in adversity and presents a more holistic portrayal that community members and allies can strive toward. This study contributes an intersectional understanding of wellbeing in relation to identities of race, culture, age, disability, neurodiversity, and sociopolitical geographical context. The findings of this study can aid in practice, advocacy, and research to bolster the wellbeing of nonbinary people.
传统上，人们一直通过本质主义的视角来看待性别，即基于固定的生物学特征或男女之间两极分化的性别规范。随着对性别多样性的认识不断提高，越来越多的人公开自己是非二元性别——即不完全是男性或女性。关于非二元性别个体独特经历的探索很少，尤其是除了关注不良风险和结果以了解他们的幸福感之外。本文讨论了非二元性别个体的性别化经历以及幸福感的构建。本研究的目的是通过非二元性别个体的视角将幸福感概念化为一种复杂的多维现象。在美国中西部对17名非二元性别成年人进行了一项虚拟照片发声研究，他们参与了在线小组讨论和深入的半结构化访谈，并通过主题分析进行了分析。分析确定了非二元性别幸福感的五个核心维度：1）安全感，2）身心健康，3）自主性，4）归属感，5）性别积极性。还给出了幸福感的示例性定义。理解非二元性别个体如何茁壮成长，挑战了对逆境中性别多样化经历的框架设定，并呈现出一种更全面的描述，社区成员和盟友可以朝着这个方向努力。本研究有助于从交叉视角理解与种族、文化、年龄、残疾、神经多样性和社会政治地理背景等身份相关的幸福感。本研究的结果有助于实践、宣传和研究，以促进非二元性别者的幸福感。
