Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, Haikou 571158, China.
Mar Drugs. 2024 Jul 18;22(7):321. doi: 10.3390/md22070321.
Nitrogen heterocycles have drawn considerable attention because of their structurally novel and significant biological activities. Marine-derived fungi, especially the species, possess unique metabolic pathways to produce secondary metabolites with novel structures and potent biological activities. This review prioritizes the structural diversity and biological activities of nitrogen heterocycles that are produced by marine-derived species from January 2019 to January 2024, and their relevant biological activities. A total of 306 new nitrogen heterocycles, including seven major categories-indole alkaloids, diketopiperazine alkaloids, quinazoline alkaloids, isoquinoline alkaloids pyrrolidine alkaloids, cyclopeptide alkaloids, and other heterocyclic alkaloids-are presented in this review. Among these nitrogen heterocycles, 52 compounds had novel skeleton structures. Remarkably, 103 compounds showed various biological activities, such as cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, anti-virus, and enzyme-inhibitory activities, and 21 compounds showed potent activities. This paper will guide further investigations into the structural diversity and biological activities of nitrogen heterocycles derived from the species and their potential contributions to the future development of new natural drug products in the medicinal and agricultural fields.
氮杂环化合物因其结构新颖和显著的生物活性而引起了相当大的关注。海洋来源的真菌，尤其是 属，具有独特的代谢途径，可以产生具有新颖结构和强大生物活性的次生代谢产物。本综述优先考虑了 2019 年 1 月至 2024 年 1 月期间海洋来源的 属产生的氮杂环化合物的结构多样性和生物活性及其相关的生物活性。共呈现了 306 种新的氮杂环化合物，包括 7 个主要类别——吲哚生物碱、二酮哌嗪生物碱、喹唑啉生物碱、异喹啉生物碱、吡咯烷生物碱、环肽生物碱和其他杂环生物碱。在这些氮杂环化合物中，有 52 种化合物具有新颖的骨架结构。值得注意的是，有 103 种化合物表现出各种生物活性，如细胞毒性、抗菌、抗炎、抗真菌、抗病毒和酶抑制活性，有 21 种化合物表现出很强的活性。本文将指导对 属来源的氮杂环化合物的结构多样性和生物活性的进一步研究，以及它们对未来在医药和农业领域开发新天然药物产品的潜在贡献。
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