Zheng Jia-Xin, Sun Xiao-Hui, Wei Xu, Wang Gang, Yuan Chang-Qing, Weng Xiao-Dong, Zuo Qing-Qiu, Liu Jia-Yu, Mu Zhi-Qiang, Mao Tian-Ci, Ding You-Zhong, Wang Xiao-Ming, Wang Xu, Wang Zheng-Huan
School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China.
Pathogens. 2024 Jul 2;13(7):558. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13070558.
We aimed to investigate the species composition of a small mammal community and the prevalence of spp. in a typical endemic area of the Tibetan Plateau. One pika and five rodent species were identified based on the morphological characteristics of 1278 small mammal specimens collected during 2014-2019. Detection of DNA in tissue samples from small mammal specimens revealed that (pika, total prevalence: 6.02%, 26/432), (5.91%, 38/643), (2.50%, 3/120), and (21.74%, 10/46) were infected by both and ; (16.67%, 1/6) was infected by ; and no infection was detected in (0/15). and were the two most abundant small mammal species. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of pika and the overall rodent species assemblage (6.26%, 53/846); however, the larger rodent populations suggested that more attention should be paid to their role in the transmission of echinococcosis in the wildlife reservoir, which has long been underestimated. Moreover, although DNA barcoding provides a more efficient method than traditional morphological methods for identifying large numbers of small mammal samples, commonly used barcodes failed to distinguish the three species in this study. The close genetic relationships between these species suggest the need to develop more powerful molecular taxonomic tools.
我们旨在调查青藏高原一个典型地方病区小型哺乳动物群落的物种组成以及棘球绦虫属物种的感染率。根据2014年至2019年期间收集的1278份小型哺乳动物标本的形态特征，鉴定出1种鼠兔和5种啮齿动物。对小型哺乳动物标本组织样本中的棘球绦虫属DNA检测显示，中华棘球绦虫（鼠兔，总感染率：6.02%，26/432）、多房棘球绦虫（5.91%，38/643）、少节棘球绦虫（2.50%，3/120）和福氏棘球绦虫（21.74%，10/46）同时感染了细粒棘球绦虫和多房棘球绦虫；短膜壳绦虫（16.67%，1/6）感染了多房棘球绦虫；在微小膜壳绦虫中未检测到感染（0/15）。高原鼠兔和根田鼠是两种数量最多的小型哺乳动物物种。鼠兔的感染率与整个啮齿动物物种组合的感染率（6.26%，53/846）没有显著差异；然而，较大的啮齿动物种群表明，应更多关注它们在野生动物宿主中包虫病传播中的作用，长期以来这一作用一直被低估。此外，尽管DNA条形码技术比传统形态学方法能更有效地鉴定大量小型哺乳动物样本，但本研究中常用的条形码未能区分三种棘球绦虫属物种。这些物种之间密切的遗传关系表明需要开发更强大的分子分类工具。
