Mierkiewicz Michał, Dzikowski Andrzej, Anusz Krzysztof
Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-787 Warsaw, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Jul 9;14(14):2027. doi: 10.3390/ani14142027.
Prions cause infectious and fatal neurodegenerative diseases in mammals. Chronic wasting disease (CWD) affects wild and farmed cervids. The increasing number of cases in Europe, the resistance of prions to external conditions, and the persistence period threaten not only wild cervid populations but also the economy. The possible zoonotic potential of CWD is of growing concern. CWD is a relevant issue as far as the idea of "one health" is concerned, which is a fundamental principle of European veterinary law. Methods of legal text analysis and interpretation are used for this comparative legal study. Research reveals that countries struggling to tackle CWD employ different normative approaches to the problem and use different control and eradication schemes. The results of this study indicate that it is reasonable to issue uniform regulations in the European Union at the common, rather than national, level. The European legislation should creatively draw on the experience of North American countries that have been struggling with the discussed disease for a long time.
朊病毒会在哺乳动物中引发传染性和致命的神经退行性疾病。慢性消耗病(CWD)会影响野生和养殖的鹿科动物。欧洲病例数量不断增加,朊病毒对外部条件的抵抗力以及持续时间不仅威胁着野生鹿科动物种群,也对经济构成威胁。CWD可能的人畜共患病潜力日益受到关注。就“同一健康”理念而言,CWD是一个相关问题,而“同一健康”是欧洲兽医法的一项基本原则。本比较法律研究采用了法律文本分析和解释方法。研究表明,在努力应对CWD的国家中,各国针对该问题采用了不同的规范方法,并使用了不同的控制和根除方案。这项研究的结果表明,在欧盟共同层面而非国家层面发布统一法规是合理的。欧洲立法应创造性地借鉴长期以来一直在应对上述疾病的北美国家的经验。