Jin Rui, Liu Na, Zhou Hao, Zhao Mingren
Faculty of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Faculty of College of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Jul 10;14(7):587. doi: 10.3390/bs14070587.
Research on Chinese parenting styles using representative samples is limited, particularly during COVID-19, with most studies focusing on individual factors while neglecting regional influences. This study examines the impact of provincial income inequality, measured by the Gini coefficient, on parenting styles and how these effects vary across subgroups. Using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2020, encompassing 3768 children aged 7-16 years from 25 regions, we employed a multinomial logistic regression model to analyze the predictability of provincial income inequality on parenting styles identified through latent class analysis. Three parenting styles emerged during the first year of COVID-19: authoritarian (48.2%), autonomy granting (27.7%), and average-level undifferentiated (24.1%). A higher Gini coefficient related to a greater likelihood of parents adopting authoritarian or autonomy-granting parenting styles over average-level undifferentiated parenting. Subgroup analyses revealed a higher likelihood of adopting autonomy-granting and authoritarian parenting for male children compared to female. Mothers with lower education levels and parents in rural areas tend to favor authoritarian parenting in response to higher income inequality. This trend was less evident among more educated mothers and parents living in urban areas. These findings suggest that parenting styles in China are influenced by complex and region-specific factors.
使用具有代表性样本对中国育儿方式的研究有限，尤其是在新冠疫情期间，大多数研究关注个体因素，而忽视了地区影响。本研究考察了以基尼系数衡量的省级收入不平等对育儿方式的影响，以及这些影响在不同亚组中的差异。利用中国家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2020年的数据，涵盖来自25个地区的3768名7至16岁儿童，我们采用多项逻辑回归模型来分析省级收入不平等对通过潜在类别分析确定的育儿方式的预测能力。在新冠疫情的第一年出现了三种育儿方式：专制型（48.2%）、给予自主型（27.7%）和平均水平无差异型（24.1%）。较高的基尼系数与父母采用专制型或给予自主型育儿方式而非平均水平无差异型育儿方式的可能性更大有关。亚组分析显示，与女性相比，男性儿童采用给予自主型和专制型育儿方式的可能性更高。教育水平较低的母亲和农村地区的父母在面对较高的收入不平等时倾向于支持专制型育儿。在受教育程度较高的母亲和城市地区的父母中，这种趋势不太明显。这些发现表明，中国的育儿方式受到复杂且特定于地区的因素影响。
