Hanzelová Zuzana, Dudriková Eva, Lovayová Viera, Výrostková Jana, Regecová Ivana, Zigo František, Bartáková Klára
Department of Food Hygiene, Technology and Safety, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia.
Department of Medical and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia.
Life (Basel). 2024 Jul 18;14(7):890. doi: 10.3390/life14070890.
Enterococci are a group of microorganisms that have a controversial position from some scientific points of view. The species of the greatest clinical importance are and , which are common agents of nosocomial infections. However, enterococci also have important applications in the dairy industry, as they are used as non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) in a variety of cheeses, especially artisanal cheeses. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of representatives from the genus using PCR and MALDI-TOF MS methods on samples of raw milk, processing environment swabs, and cheese from four different artisanal dairy plants in Slovakia. Among the 136 isolates of enterococci, 9 species of genus (, , , , , , , , and ) were identified and were tested for their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to 8 antibiotics (amoxicillin, penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, levofloxacin, vancomycin, rifampicin, and tetracycline); most of them were resistant to rifampicin (35.3%), ampicillin (22.8%), and tetracycline (19.9%). A PCR analysis of (4.41%) and (14.71%) revealed that antimicrobial resistance genes were present in not only phenotypic resistant isolates of enterococci but also susceptible isolates. The investigation of antimicrobial resistance in enterococci during the cheesemaking process can be a source of valuable information for public health in the concept of "One Health".
肠球菌是一类从某些科学角度来看具有争议地位的微生物。临床上最重要的菌种是粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌，它们是医院感染的常见病原体。然而，肠球菌在乳制品行业也有重要应用，因为它们在各种奶酪，尤其是手工奶酪中被用作非发酵乳酸菌（NSLAB）。本研究的目的是使用PCR和MALDI-TOF MS方法，对斯洛伐克四家不同手工乳制品厂的生乳、加工环境拭子和奶酪样本中肠球菌属的代表菌种进行检测。在136株肠球菌分离株中，鉴定出了9种肠球菌属菌种（粪肠球菌、屎肠球菌、鸟肠球菌、酪黄肠球菌、坚韧肠球菌、希拉肠球菌、蒙氏肠球菌、孤立肠球菌和铅黄肠球菌），并检测了它们对8种抗生素（阿莫西林、青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素、左氧氟沙星、万古霉素、利福平和平四环素）的抗菌耐药性（AMR）；其中大多数对利福平（35.3%）、氨苄西林（22.8%）和四环素（19.9%）耐药。对粪肠球菌（4.41%）和屎肠球菌（14.71%）的PCR分析表明，抗菌耐药基因不仅存在于表型耐药的肠球菌分离株中，也存在于敏感分离株中。在奶酪制作过程中对肠球菌抗菌耐药性的调查，在“同一健康”概念下可为公共卫生提供有价值的信息来源。
