Nahiyan Abu Shamim Mohammad, Islam Saiful, Islam Aparna, Rahman Mohammad Ataur, Hasan Mohammad Mahmood, Eusufzai Tasnin Khan, Afreen Mohsina, Ansarey Fareyzul Haque, Khan Tahmina, Uddin A F M Jamal
Advanced Seed Research and Biotech Centre, ACI Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Jul 12;12:1409996. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1409996. eCollection 2024.
Genetically engineered (GE) crops have the potential to contribute to agricultural sustainability, food security, and nutritional enrichment. However, these crops cannot be released for commercial cultivation without undergoing environmental risk assessments (ERA), thus biosafety evaluation. ERA assessments are performed comparatively with their natural non-GE counterparts. As Bangladesh is progressing with GE potato research, the present study aims to collect baseline information on non-GE potato cultivation with an emphasis on current agronomic practices focusing on fertilizer management and farmers' knowledge base. The survey had three parts, including information on the farmers, information on potato cultivation practices, especially fertilizer use, and lastly, the farmer's view on GE potato. From 2020 to 2021, data were collected through interviews with experienced growers in four potato-growing regions, the Central and Mid-East, North-West, Mid-West, and South-East regions (n = 1757) of the country. The study revealed that farmers of all regions used more than the recommended amounts of fertilizer; for instance, 67.1% more nitrogen fertilizer was applied as an extra dose during potato cultivation in Munshiganj (Central and Mid-East) than in the Dinajpur region (North-West). This overuse of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance plant vigor but makes the plants more susceptible to insect attraction and allows pests easier access to the plants. As a result, the excess dose of nitrogen fertilizer in Munshiganj may act as a catalyst to increase the probability of late blight. The findings also showed that 73.6% of farmers observed unexpected flowering in certain potato cultivars, which corresponded to the higher application of phosphate and potassium fertilizers aimed at late blight control. Furthermore, this study reported infestations of Solanaceous weeds, specifically and , in potato fields. Finally, our findings demonstrated that more than 68.7% of the potato growers intend to adopt disease-resistant GE potato as that may reduce the need for excess fertilizer use and thus reduce cultivation costs.
基因工程（GE）作物有潜力促进农业可持续发展、粮食安全和营养强化。然而，这些作物在未经过环境风险评估（ERA）即生物安全评估之前，不能进行商业种植。ERA评估是与其天然的非基因工程对应物进行比较。随着孟加拉国基因工程马铃薯研究的推进，本研究旨在收集非基因工程马铃薯种植的基线信息，重点关注当前以肥料管理和农民知识库为重点的农艺实践。该调查包括三个部分，即农民信息、马铃薯种植实践信息（特别是肥料使用情况），最后是农民对基因工程马铃薯的看法。2020年至2021年期间，通过对该国四个马铃薯种植区（中部和中东、西北、中西部和东南部地区）的1757名有经验的种植者进行访谈收集数据。研究表明，所有地区的农民使用的肥料都超过了推荐量；例如，蒙希甘杰（中部和中东）在马铃薯种植期间额外施用的氮肥比迪纳杰布尔地区（西北）多67.1%。氮肥的这种过度使用可以增强植物活力，但会使植物更容易吸引昆虫，使害虫更容易接近植物。因此，蒙希甘杰过量的氮肥用量可能会成为增加晚疫病发生概率的催化剂。研究结果还表明，73.6%的农民观察到某些马铃薯品种出现意外开花，这与为控制晚疫病而增加施用的磷肥和钾肥相对应。此外，本研究报告了马铃薯田中有茄科杂草，特别是 和 的侵扰。最后，我们的研究结果表明，超过68.7%的马铃薯种植者打算采用抗病基因工程马铃薯，因为这可能会减少过量使用肥料的需求，从而降低种植成本。
