Kretschmer Tina, van der Ploeg Rozemarijn, Kaufman Tessa
Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9713TJ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2025 Mar;34(3):1011-1024. doi: 10.1007/s00787-024-02532-5. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
Studies report different effect sizes for associations between peer victimization and later maladjustment. A possible origin of this heterogeneity is the length of the interval between victimization and maladjustment assessments. Effect sizes might also vary as a function of reporter. Longitudinal data from TRAILS, a study of adolescents followed from age 11 to 29 (baseline n = 2229) were used to test whether peer victimization assessed from adolescents themselves, their parents, teachers, and peers predicted internalizing symptoms, thought problems, and somatic complaints at six follow-ups with a temporal distance of up to 19 years. Neither self- nor peer-reported victimization predicted later maladjustment. In contrast, parent-reported victimization stably predicted adult maladjustment. Teacher-reported victimization also predicted maladjustment but associations were weaker and largely non-significant when parent reports were accounted for simultaneously. Parent-reported peer victimization has traditionally played a minor role in bullying research as parents are usually not present when victimization occurs. The results of this study however suggest that parents should be listened to when talking about their offspring being victimized.
研究报告了同伴侵害与后期适应不良之间关联的不同效应量。这种异质性的一个可能根源是侵害与适应不良评估之间的时间间隔长度。效应量也可能因报告者的不同而有所变化。一项针对11至29岁青少年的追踪研究（TRAILS）的纵向数据（基线时n = 2229）被用于检验从青少年自身、其父母、教师及同伴处评估得到的同伴侵害情况，是否能预测在长达19年的6次随访中的内化症状、思维问题和躯体不适。无论是青少年自己报告还是同伴报告的侵害情况，均无法预测后期的适应不良。相比之下，父母报告的侵害情况能稳定地预测成人期的适应不良。教师报告的侵害情况也能预测适应不良，但在同时考虑父母报告的情况下，这种关联较弱且大多不显著。在欺凌研究中，父母报告的同伴侵害情况传统上作用较小，因为侵害发生时父母通常不在场。然而，本研究结果表明，在讨论其子女遭受侵害的情况时，应该听取父母的意见。
