Hosozawa Mariko, Bann David, Fink Elian, Elsden Esme, Baba Sachiko, Iso Hiroyasu, Patalay Praveetha
Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan.
Deparetment of Pediatrics, Juntendo University, Japan.
EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Oct 11;41:101142. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101142. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Bullying victimisation is of global importance due to its long-term negative consequences. We examined the prevalence of victimisation and its inequalities in 15-year-olds across 71 countries.
Data were from the Programme for International Student Assessment (March-August 2018). Students reported frequencies of relational, physical, and verbal victimisation during the last 12 months, which were analysed separately and combined into a total score. Prevalence of frequent victimisation (> a few times a month) was estimated, followed by mean differences in total score by gender, wealth and academic performance quintiles in each country. Meta-analyses were used to examine country differences.
Of 421,437 students included, 113,602 (30·4%) experienced frequent victimisation, yet this varied by country-from 9·3% (Korea) to 64·8% (Philippines). Verbal and relational victimisation were more frequent (21·4%, 20.9%, respectively) than physical victimisation (15·2%). On average, boys (vs girls +0·23SD, 95%CI: 0·22-0·24), students from the lowest wealth (vs highest +0·09SD, 0·08-0·10) and with lowest academic performance (vs highest +0·49SD, 0·48-0·50) had higher scores. However, there was substantial between-country heterogeneity in these associations (I=85%-98%). Similar results were observed for subtypes of victimisation-except relational victimisation, where gender inequalities were smaller.
Globally, bullying victimisation was high, although the size, predominant subtype and strength of associations with risk factors varied by country. The large cross-country differences observed require further replication and empirical explanation, and suggest the need to and the large scope for reducing bullying victimisation and its inequity in the future.
Japan Foundation for Pediatric Research.
由于欺凌受害行为会产生长期负面影响，因此在全球范围内都备受关注。我们调查了71个国家15岁青少年的受害情况及其不平等现象。
数据来自国际学生评估项目（2018年3月至8月）。学生报告了过去12个月中关系型、身体型和言语型受害行为的发生频率，分别进行分析并合并为总分。估计频繁受害（每月数次以上）的发生率，然后分析每个国家按性别、财富和学业成绩五分位数划分的总分平均差异。采用荟萃分析来检验国家间的差异。
纳入的421437名学生中，113602名（30.4%）经历过频繁受害，但各国情况有所不同，从9.3%（韩国）到64.8%（菲律宾）。言语型和关系型受害行为比身体型受害行为更频繁（分别为21.4%、20.9%，而身体型受害行为为15.2%）。平均而言，男孩（与女孩相比+0.23标准差，95%置信区间：0.22 - 0.24）、财富水平最低的学生（与最高水平相比+0.09标准差，0.08 - 0.10）以及学业成绩最低的学生（与最高水平相比+0.49标准差，0.48 - 0.50）得分更高。然而，这些关联在国家间存在很大异质性（I = 85% - 98%）。除关系型受害行为中性别不平等较小外，在受害行为的亚型中也观察到了类似结果。
在全球范围内，欺凌受害情况较为严重，尽管其规模、主要亚型以及与风险因素的关联强度因国家而异。观察到的国家间巨大差异需要进一步重复验证和实证解释，并表明未来有必要且有很大空间来减少欺凌受害行为及其不平等现象。
日本小儿研究基金会。
