Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Aerosol d.o.o., 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Aug;31(37):49589-49600. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34482-5. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
Water-soluble and trace metal species in fine particulate matter (PM) were determined for indoor and outdoor environments in Doha, Qatar. During the study period, PM concentrations showed significant variability across several indoor locations ranging from 7.1 to 75.8 μg m, while the outdoor mass concentration range was 34.7-154.4 µg m. The indoor and outdoor PM levels did not exhibit statistically significant correlation, suggesting efficient building envelope protection against outdoor PM pollution. Rather than outdoor sources, human activities such as cooking, cleaning, and smoking were the most significant influence on chemical composition of indoor PM. NH concentration was insufficient to neutralize SO indoors and outdoors, indicating the predominant presence of NHHSO. The enrichment factors indicated that outdoor Fe, Mn, Co, Cr, and Ni in PM mostly originated from crustal sources. In contrast, the remaining outdoor trace metals (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and V) were mainly derived from anthropogenic sources. The indoor/outdoor concentration ratios revealed significant indoor sources for NH and Cu. The crustal matter, water-soluble ions, and sea salt explained 42%, 21%, and 1% of the indoor PM mass, respectively. The same groups sequentially constituted 41%, 16%, and 1% of the outdoor PM mass.
在卡塔尔多哈的室内和室外环境中，测定了细颗粒物（PM）中的水溶性物质和痕量金属。在研究期间，几个室内地点的 PM 浓度表现出显著的差异，范围从 7.1 到 75.8μg/m3，而室外质量浓度范围为 34.7-154.4μg/m3。室内和室外的 PM 水平没有表现出统计学上的显著相关性，这表明建筑物外壳能有效地防止室外 PM 污染。对室内 PM 化学成分影响最大的是人类活动，如烹饪、清洁和吸烟，而不是室外来源。室内和室外都没有足够的 NH 来中和 SO，这表明 NHHSO 主要存在。富集因子表明，PM 中的 Fe、Mn、Co、Cr 和 Ni 主要来自地壳来源。相比之下，其余的室外痕量金属（Cu、Zn、As、Cd、Pb 和 V）主要来自人为来源。室内/室外浓度比表明 NH 和 Cu 有明显的室内来源。地壳物质、水溶性离子和海盐分别解释了室内 PM 质量的 42%、21%和 1%。相同的组依次构成了室外 PM 质量的 41%、16%和 1%。
