Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Laboratory of Photobiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 30;14(1):17600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68314-w.
High myopia can lead to pathologic myopia and visual impairment, whereas its causes are unclear. We retrospectively researched high myopia cases from patient records to investigate the association between axial elongation and myopic maculopathy. Sixty-four eyes were examined in patients who visited the department between July 2017 and June 2018, had an axial length of 26 mm or more, underwent fundus photography, and had their axial length measured twice or more. The average axial length was 28.29 ± 1.69 mm (mean ± standard deviation). The average age was 58.3 ± 14.4 years old. Myopic maculopathy was categorized as mild (grades 0 and 1) and severe (grades 2, 3, and 4). The severe group had longer axial lengths than the mild group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the severe group exhibited thinner choroidal thickness than the mild group (P < 0.05). When subjects were grouped by axial elongation over median value within a year, the elongation group showed thinner central choroidal thickness than the non-elongation group (142.1 ± 91.9 vs. 82.9 ± 69.8, P < 0.05). In conclusion, in patients with high myopia, the severity of maculopathy correlated with choroidal thickness and axial length. Thinner choroidal thickness was associated with axial elongation based on the baseline axial length.
高度近视可导致病理性近视和视力损害，但其病因尚不清楚。我们回顾性地从病历中研究了高度近视病例，以调查眼轴伸长与近视性黄斑病变之间的关系。2017 年 7 月至 2018 年 6 月期间，我们检查了 64 只就诊于该科、眼轴长度为 26mm 或更长、接受眼底照相和至少两次眼轴长度测量的患者的眼睛。平均眼轴长度为 28.29±1.69mm（平均值±标准差）。平均年龄为 58.3±14.4 岁。近视性黄斑病变分为轻度（0 级和 1 级）和重度（2 级、3 级和 4 级）。重度组的眼轴长度长于轻度组（P<0.05）。此外，重度组的脉络膜厚度比轻度组薄（P<0.05）。当根据一年内眼轴伸长超过中位数将受试者分组时，伸长组的中心脉络膜厚度比非伸长组薄（142.1±91.9 比 82.9±69.8，P<0.05）。总之，在高度近视患者中，黄斑病变的严重程度与脉络膜厚度和眼轴长度相关。根据基线眼轴长度，脉络膜变薄与眼轴伸长有关。
