Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brasil.
Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Teixeira de Freitas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Jul 29;40(6):e00046523. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN046523. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to test hypothesized effects of replacing sedentary behavior with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, sleep, and different domains of physical activity by equivalent amounts on suggestive cognitive decline in an older adult population. This was a cross-sectional study including 473 older adults aged ≥ 60 years. Cognitive decline was assessed using the Mini-Mental Health Examination. Physical activity, its different domains and the time of exposure to sedentary behavior were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. For data analysis, two isotemporal substitution models were constructed using Poisson regression. The first model tested the effect of sleep time, sedentary behavior, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on cognitive decline. The second model was used to determine the effect of physical activity domains (leisure, work, transport, and home), sleep time, and sedentary behavior on cognitive decline. Physical activity during leisure time was protective against cognitive decline among all domains tested, replacing sedentary behavior, sleep, and transport. Conversely, substitution of the leisure domain for sedentary behavior, sleep, and transport was considered a risk factor for cognitive decline. Leisure time proved to be a strong protective factor in reducing the risk of cognitive decline, and it is necessary to encourage and stimulate public policies that include it.
本研究旨在测试以中等到剧烈的体力活动、睡眠和不同类型的体力活动等量替代久坐行为对老年人群认知能力下降的假设影响。这是一项横断面研究，共纳入 473 名年龄≥60 岁的老年人。使用 Mini-Mental Health Examination 评估认知能力下降。使用国际体力活动问卷评估体力活动、其不同领域以及暴露于久坐行为的时间。为了进行数据分析，使用泊松回归构建了两个等时替代模型。第一个模型测试了睡眠时间、久坐行为和中等到剧烈体力活动对认知能力下降的影响。第二个模型用于确定体育活动领域（休闲、工作、交通和家庭）、睡眠时间和久坐行为对认知能力下降的影响。在所有测试的领域中，休闲时间的体力活动对认知能力下降具有保护作用，可替代久坐行为、睡眠和交通。相反，将休闲领域替代为久坐行为、睡眠和交通被认为是认知能力下降的一个风险因素。休闲时间被证明是降低认知能力下降风险的一个强有力的保护因素，有必要鼓励和刺激包括休闲时间在内的公共政策。
