Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815713471, Iran.
Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8815783657, Iran.
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2024 Aug 21;15(16):2966-2981. doi: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00349. Epub 2024 Jul 31.
Sinapic acid (SA) is a phenylpropanoid derivative found in various natural sources that exhibits remarkable versatile properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metal-chelating capabilities, establishing itself as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of conditions affecting the central nervous system, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), ischemic stroke, and other neurological disorders. These effects also include neuroprotection in epilepsy models, as evidenced by a reduction in seizure-like behavior, cell death in specific hippocampal regions, and lowered neuroinflammatory markers. In AD, SA treatment enhances memory, reverses cognitive deficits, and attenuates astrocyte activation. SA also has positive effects on cognition by improving memory and lowering oxidative stress. This is shown by lower levels of oxidative stress markers, higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, and better memory retention. Additionally, in ischemic stroke and PD models, SA provides microglial protection and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. This review emphasizes SA's multifaceted neuroprotective properties and its potential role in the prevention and treatment of various brain disorders. Despite the need for further research to fully understand its mechanisms of action and clinical applicability, SA stands out as a valuable bioactive compound in the ongoing quest to combat neurodegenerative diseases and enhance the quality of life for affected individuals.
水杨酸（SA）是一种苯丙烷衍生物，存在于各种天然来源中，具有显著的多功能特性，包括抗氧化、抗炎和金属螯合能力，使其成为预防和治疗影响中枢神经系统的疾病（如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、帕金森病（PD）、缺血性中风和其他神经障碍）的有前途的候选物。这些作用还包括癫痫模型中的神经保护作用，表现为癫痫样行为减少、特定海马区域的细胞死亡减少和神经炎症标志物降低。在 AD 中，SA 治疗可增强记忆、逆转认知缺陷并减弱星形胶质细胞激活。SA 通过改善记忆和降低氧化应激也对认知有积极影响。这表现为氧化应激标志物水平降低、抗氧化酶活性水平升高和记忆保留更好。此外，在缺血性中风和 PD 模型中，SA 提供小胶质细胞保护并发挥抗炎作用。本综述强调了 SA 的多方面神经保护特性及其在预防和治疗各种脑疾病中的潜在作用。尽管需要进一步研究以充分了解其作用机制和临床适用性，但 SA 作为一种有价值的生物活性化合物，在对抗神经退行性疾病和提高受影响个体的生活质量方面具有重要意义。
