Autonomous University of Tlaxcala.
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos.
Int J Med Mushrooms. 2024;26(9):1-15. doi: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2024054163.
Mushrooms produce many metabolites that show biological activity, which can be obtained from their fruiting body, mycelium or recovered from the culture broth when mushrooms are grown in submerged fermentation. Mushrooms are a source of natural pharmaceuticals; they have been reported to have potential inhibitory or preventive activity against some diseases, including different types of cancer. Cancer represents one of the main causes of death worldwide. It is worth mentioning that despite advances in pharmacological treatments, they still present side effects in patients. In this sense, the study of the use of mushrooms in complementary treatments against cancer is of great interest. Based on studies carried out in vitro and, in some cases, using animal models, it has been observed that mushrooms present preventive, corrective, and therapeutic properties against different types of cancer, by stimulating the immune system, due to their antioxidant, antimutagenic, and anti-inflammatory activities, as well as the regulation of the expression of some cellular processes, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, etc. Based on the above, this manuscript shows a review of scientific studies that support the anticancer activity of some mushrooms and/or their bioactive compounds.
蘑菇产生许多具有生物活性的代谢产物，可以从其子实体、菌丝体中获得，也可以从蘑菇在液体深层发酵培养的发酵液中回收。蘑菇是天然药物的来源；据报道，它们对一些疾病，包括不同类型的癌症，具有潜在的抑制或预防作用。癌症是全球主要死亡原因之一。值得一提的是，尽管在药理学治疗方面取得了进展，但它们在患者中仍存在副作用。在这方面，研究蘑菇在癌症辅助治疗中的应用具有重要意义。基于体外进行的研究，并且在某些情况下使用动物模型，已经观察到蘑菇通过刺激免疫系统，具有预防、纠正和治疗不同类型癌症的特性，这是由于其抗氧化、抗突变和抗炎活性，以及对一些细胞过程表达的调节、细胞周期停滞和细胞凋亡等。基于上述内容，本文综述了支持一些蘑菇及其生物活性化合物的抗癌活性的科学研究。
