Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Ibaraki, Japan.
Tokyo Medical University Library, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Oct;63:623-630. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.07.006. Epub 2024 Aug 2.
Although sleep is essential for maintaining good health and well-being, sleep disorders are becoming increasingly prevalent. Probiotics may play a role in sleep regulation; therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of probiotics on sleep parameters.
We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. Relevant placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials examining the effects of probiotics on sleep outcomes were identified through systematic searches in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Ichushi databases. Data were extracted from eligible studies and the risk of bias was assessed. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the effects of probiotics on various sleep-related variables.
Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included in this review. The decrease in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores in the probiotics group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group after 4-6 weeks and 8-16 weeks, indicating improved sleep quality. The Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi (OSA) sleep inventory score was also decreased in the probiotics group for Factor 1 "sleepiness on rising" and Factor 4 "refreshing," indicating improved sleep quality. Some studies however, showed a risk of bias.
This systematic review and meta-analysis indicated that probiotics may improve sleep quality, as measured by the PSQI and OSA sleep inventory. However, further research is needed to better understand the effects of probiotics on specific sleep parameters and address the limitations of existing studies.
尽管睡眠对于保持身体健康和幸福感至关重要，但睡眠障碍的发病率却越来越高。益生菌可能在睡眠调节中发挥作用；因此，本研究旨在全面概述益生菌对睡眠参数的影响。
我们按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法进行了系统文献回顾和荟萃分析。通过在 PubMed、Cochrane 图书馆和 Ichushi 数据库中进行系统搜索，确定了研究益生菌对睡眠结果影响的安慰剂对照随机对照试验。从合格研究中提取数据并评估偏倚风险。进行统计分析以评估益生菌对各种与睡眠相关变量的影响。
本综述纳入了 15 项随机对照试验。在 4-6 周和 8-16 周后，益生菌组的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评分下降明显低于安慰剂组，表明睡眠质量得到改善。益生菌组的 Oguri-Shirakawa-Azumi（OSA）睡眠量表评分在因子 1“起床时的困意”和因子 4“提神醒脑”方面也有所下降，表明睡眠质量得到改善。然而，一些研究存在偏倚风险。
本系统评价和荟萃分析表明，益生菌可能通过 PSQI 和 OSA 睡眠量表改善睡眠质量。然而，需要进一步的研究来更好地了解益生菌对特定睡眠参数的影响，并解决现有研究的局限性。
