Jareebi Mohammad A, Alqassim Ahmad Y, Gosadi Ibrahim M, Zaala Mousa, Manni Ramis, Zogel Taif, Robidiy Emtnan, Qarn Fatimah, Moharaq Shatha, Alharbi Wafa, Alhobani Aisha, Mohrag Mostafa
Family and Community Medicine Department, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Family and Community Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 5;16(7):e63911. doi: 10.7759/cureus.63911. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children can adversely impact parental quality of life (QoL). However, limited research exists among families in Saudi Arabia, especially in understudied regions like Jazan. This study was designed to determine the QoL in parents of children with ADHD in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Methodology This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Jazan region of Saudi Arabia from June 2023 to December 2023. Online questionnaires were used to collect data from parents of children with ADHD residing in the country. A structured questionnaire was developed in consultation with the National Institute for Children's Health Quality (NICHQ) guidelines. The total sample size was 276. The study participants were recruited through convenient non-random snowballing sampling where the promotion of the questionnaire web link aided in reaching the required sample size of the study. Participants aged more than 18 years, residents of the Jazan area, and both genders were included. R software was used for data analysis. Results The study, involving 275 participants, revealed that 45 (16%) children were diagnosed with ADHD by doctors, with a higher prevalence among males 36 (80%). The NICHQ scale identified ADHD in 50 (18%) participants, with the predominant subtypes being inattentive 28 (56%), hyperactive/impulsive 28 (56%), and combined 19 (38%). The median QoL score was 8.6, with good QoL reported by 51.27% of parents and poor QoL by 48.73%. Gender significantly influenced QoL (p < 0.01), with 57% of males and 43% of females reporting good QoL, while 61% of females and 39% of males reported poor QoL. Oppositional defiant symptoms were significantly associated with poorer QoL (p < 0.05). There was a notable alignment between ADHD diagnoses from parental reports and the NICHQ scale. Conclusions This cross-sectional study found that parents of children with ADHD behaviors, especially those exhibiting oppositional defiant symptoms, experienced significantly lower QoL, particularly in personal fulfillment and psychosocial well-being. The findings emphasize the need for culturally tailored psychosocial interventions in Saudi Arabia to improve parental coping and QoL, benefiting overall family well-being and child outcomes.
儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）会对父母的生活质量（QoL）产生不利影响。然而，沙特阿拉伯家庭中的相关研究有限，尤其是在像吉赞这样研究较少的地区。本研究旨在确定沙特阿拉伯吉赞地区患有ADHD儿童的父母的生活质量。
本横断面研究于2023年6月至2023年12月在沙特阿拉伯的吉赞地区进行。通过在线问卷从居住在该国的ADHD儿童的父母那里收集数据。根据美国国家儿童健康质量研究所（NICHQ）的指南制定了一份结构化问卷。总样本量为276。研究参与者通过方便的非随机滚雪球抽样招募，问卷网络链接的推广有助于达到研究所需的样本量。纳入年龄超过18岁、吉赞地区居民且男女不限的参与者。使用R软件进行数据分析。
该研究涉及275名参与者，结果显示45名（16%）儿童被医生诊断为ADHD，男性患病率更高，为36名（80%）。NICHQ量表在50名（18%）参与者中识别出ADHD，主要亚型为注意力不集中型28名（56%）、多动/冲动型28名（56%）和混合型19名（38%）。生活质量得分中位数为8.6，51.27%的父母报告生活质量良好，48.73%的父母报告生活质量较差。性别对生活质量有显著影响（p < 0.01），57%的男性和43%的女性报告生活质量良好，而61%的女性和39%的男性报告生活质量较差。对立违抗症状与较差的生活质量显著相关（p < 0.05）。父母报告的ADHD诊断与NICHQ量表之间存在显著一致性。
这项横断面研究发现，患有ADHD行为的儿童的父母，尤其是那些表现出对立违抗症状的父母，生活质量显著较低，特别是在个人成就感和心理社会幸福感方面。研究结果强调，沙特阿拉伯需要开展针对文化特点的心理社会干预措施，以改善父母的应对能力和生活质量，从而有利于整个家庭的幸福和儿童的成长结果。
