Acs-Szabo Lajos, Papp Laszlo Attila, Miklos Ida
Department of Genetics and Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen Debrecen, 4032 Hungary.
Microb Cell. 2024 Aug 2;11:288-311. doi: 10.15698/mic2024.08.833. eCollection 2024.
The role of model organisms such as yeasts in life science research is crucial. Although the baker's yeast () is the most popular model among yeasts, the contribution of the fission yeasts () to life science is also indisputable. Since both types of yeasts share several thousands of common orthologous genes with humans, they provide a simple research platform to investigate many fundamental molecular mechanisms and functions, thereby contributing to the understanding of the background of human diseases. In this review, we would like to highlight the many advantages of fission yeasts over budding yeasts. The usefulness of fission yeasts in virus research is shown as an example, presenting the most important research results related to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr protein. Besides, the potential role of fission yeasts in the study of prion biology is also discussed. Furthermore, we are keen to promote the uprising model yeast , which is a dimorphic species in the fission yeast genus. We propose the hyphal growth of as an unusual opportunity as a model to study the invadopodia of human cancer cells since the two seemingly different cell types can be compared along fundamental features. Here we also collect the latest laboratory protocols and bioinformatics tools for the fission yeasts to highlight the many possibilities available to the research community. In addition, we present several limiting factors that everyone should be aware of when working with yeast models.
酵母等模式生物在生命科学研究中的作用至关重要。虽然酿酒酵母（）是酵母中最受欢迎的模式生物，但裂殖酵母（）对生命科学的贡献也无可争议。由于这两种酵母都与人类共享数千个共同的直系同源基因，它们提供了一个简单的研究平台来研究许多基本的分子机制和功能，从而有助于理解人类疾病的背景。在这篇综述中，我们想强调裂殖酵母相对于芽殖酵母的诸多优势。以裂殖酵母在病毒研究中的实用性为例，展示了与1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）Vpr蛋白相关的最重要研究成果。此外，还讨论了裂殖酵母在朊病毒生物学研究中的潜在作用。此外，我们热衷于推广正在兴起的模式酵母，它是裂殖酵母属中的一种二态物种。我们提出，由于这两种看似不同的细胞类型可以沿着基本特征进行比较，因此作为研究人类癌细胞侵袭性伪足的模型，的菌丝生长是一个难得的机会。在这里，我们还收集了裂殖酵母的最新实验室操作流程和生物信息学工具，以突出研究界可用的诸多可能性。此外，我们还介绍了在使用酵母模型时每个人都应该注意的几个限制因素。
