Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China.
Transl Neurodegener. 2024 Aug 6;13(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s40035-024-00429-6.
The deposition of abnormal tau protein is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a class of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies. Physiologically, tau maintains an intrinsically disordered structure and plays diverse roles in neurons. Pathologically, tau undergoes abnormal post-translational modifications and forms oligomers or fibrous aggregates in tauopathies. In this review, we briefly introduce several tauopathies and discuss the mechanisms mediating tau aggregation and propagation. We also describe the toxicity of tau pathology. Finally, we explore the early diagnostic biomarkers and treatments targeting tau. Although some encouraging results have been achieved in animal experiments and preclinical studies, there is still no cure for tauopathies. More in-depth basic and clinical research on the pathogenesis of tauopathies is necessary.
异常的 tau 蛋白沉积是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 和一类称为 tau 病的神经退行性疾病的特征。从生理学上讲，tau 保持着固有无序的结构，并在神经元中发挥多种作用。病理性上，tau 经历异常的翻译后修饰，并在 tau 病中形成寡聚体或纤维聚集物。在这篇综述中，我们简要介绍了几种 tau 病，并讨论了介导 tau 聚集和传播的机制。我们还描述了 tau 病理学的毒性。最后，我们探讨了针对 tau 的早期诊断生物标志物和治疗方法。尽管在动物实验和临床前研究中取得了一些令人鼓舞的结果，但 tau 病仍无法治愈。需要对 tau 病的发病机制进行更深入的基础和临床研究。
