da Silva Bianca da Costa Tavares, de Carvalho Daniel Ubriaco Oliveira Gonçalves, Sakauchi Victoria Tiemi Sorbello, Ferreira José Soares, Cortez Adriana, Heinemann Marcos Bryan, Gaeta Natália Carrillo
Veterinarian, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Veterinarian, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Guarulhos (UnG), Guarulho, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Vet Med. 2024 Aug 3;46:e001624. doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm001624. eCollection 2024.
Antimicrobial resistance is a natural mechanism in microorganisms, making the treatment of infections more complex in human and veterinary medicine. Global exotic and ornamental bird markets have significantly increased, and the close relationship between pets and humans makes exploring the potential role of these birds as vectors for the spread of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria imperative. This study aimed to use culture-dependent methods to investigate cloacal bacteria and the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in four breeding stocks of ornamental birds. Cloacal swab samples were collected from 53 birds (canaries = 32, cockatiels = 17, and budgies = 4) and used for culturing and isolating facultative anaerobic and/or obligatory aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of each isolate was determined by the disk diffusion method. Thirty-four isolates were obtained, most of which belonged to the genus. Bacterial richness was higher in canaries and in one of the breeding stockings, where Gram-negative bacteria were more abundant than in the others. In addition, canaries exhibited a predominance of resistant isolates, particularly multidrug-resistant strains, probably due to prophylactic antimicrobial usage. Most Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to at least one drug tested. A vancomycin-resistant strain was isolated. Most strains were resistant to gentamycin, followed by penicillin. Eight strains were cefoxitin-resistant, including oxacillin-resistant , in which the gene was detected. Understanding the prevalence of resistance in avian species is crucial in the collaborative pursuit of maintaining antibiotic effectiveness and strengthening public health defense against emerging infectious risks.
抗菌药物耐药性是微生物中的一种自然机制，这使得人类医学和兽医学中感染的治疗变得更加复杂。全球外来和观赏鸟市场显著增长，宠物与人类的密切关系使得探究这些鸟类作为耐抗菌药物细菌传播载体的潜在作用变得势在必行。本研究旨在使用依赖培养的方法调查四种观赏鸟繁殖种群的泄殖腔细菌及耐抗生素细菌的存在情况。从53只鸟（32只金丝雀、17只鸡尾鹦鹉和4只虎皮鹦鹉）采集泄殖腔拭子样本，用于培养和分离兼性厌氧和/或专性需氧革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌。通过纸片扩散法测定每个分离株的抗菌药物敏感性谱。获得了34个分离株，其中大多数属于该属。金丝雀以及一个繁殖种群中的细菌丰富度较高，其中革兰氏阴性细菌比其他种群更为丰富。此外，金丝雀中耐药分离株占主导，尤其是多重耐药菌株，这可能归因于预防性抗菌药物的使用。大多数革兰氏阴性细菌对至少一种测试药物耐药。分离出一株耐万古霉素菌株。大多数菌株对庆大霉素耐药，其次是青霉素。8株对头孢西丁耐药，包括耐苯唑西林菌株，其中检测到了基因。了解鸟类物种中的耐药流行情况对于共同维持抗生素有效性以及加强公共卫生对新出现感染风险的防御至关重要。
