To identify hotspots in this field and provide insights into future research directions. Publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. R Bibliometrix software, VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to perform the bibliometric and visualization analyses. The analysis comprised 468 publications from 58 countries, with the United States, China and India being the leading contributors. 'Gene therapy', 'nanoparticles' and 'insulin therapy' are the primary focuses. 'Green synthesis', 'cytotoxicity', 'bioavailability' and 'diabetic foot ulcers' have gained prominence, signifying high-intensity areas of interest expected to persist as favored research topics in the future. This study delves into recent frontiers and topical research directions and provides valuable references for further research in this field.