Department of Endocrine, Shengzhou People's Hospital (Shengzhou Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Shengzhou Hospital of Shaoxing University), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Orthopedics, Shengzhou People's Hospital (Shengzhou Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, the Shengzhou Hospital of Shaoxing University), Shengzhou, Zhejiang, China.
J Appl Biomater Funct Mater. 2024 Jan-Dec;22:22808000241266487. doi: 10.1177/22808000241266487.
Despite advancements in therapeutic techniques, restoring bone tissue after damage remains a challenging task. Tissue engineering or targeted drug delivery solutions aim to meet the pressing clinical demand for treatment alternatives by creating substitute materials that imitate the structural and biological characteristics of healthy tissue. Polymers derived from natural sources typically exhibit enhanced biological compatibility and bioactivity when compared to manufactured polymers. Chitosan is a unique polysaccharide derived from chitin through deacetylation, offering biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. Its cationic charge sets it apart from other polymers, making it a valuable resource for various applications. Modifications such as thiolation, alkylation, acetylation, or hydrophilic group incorporation can enhance chitosan's swelling behavior, cross-linking, adhesion, permeation, controllable drug release, enzyme inhibition, and antioxidative properties. Chitosan scaffolds possess considerable potential for utilization in several biological applications. An intriguing application is its use in the areas of drug distribution and bone tissue engineering. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and lack of toxicity, they are an optimal material for this particular usage. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of osteoporosis, including its pathophysiology, current treatment options, the utilization of natural polymers in disease management, and the potential use of chitosan scaffolds for drug delivery systems aimed at treating the condition.
尽管治疗技术取得了进步，但在损伤后恢复骨组织仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。组织工程或靶向药物输送解决方案旨在通过创建模仿健康组织结构和生物学特性的替代材料来满足治疗替代方案的迫切临床需求。与合成聚合物相比，源自天然来源的聚合物通常具有更好的生物相容性和生物活性。壳聚糖是一种独特的多糖，通过脱乙酰化从几丁质中获得，具有可生物降解性、生物相容性和抗菌活性。其阳离子电荷使其有别于其他聚合物，使其成为各种应用的宝贵资源。修饰如巯基化、烷基化、乙酰化或亲水性基团的引入可以增强壳聚糖的溶胀行为、交联、粘附、渗透、可控药物释放、酶抑制和抗氧化性能。壳聚糖支架在几种生物应用中具有很大的应用潜力。一个有趣的应用是它在药物分布和骨组织工程领域的应用。由于其出色的生物相容性和无毒特性，它们是这种特定用途的最佳材料。本文全面分析了骨质疏松症，包括其病理生理学、当前的治疗选择、天然聚合物在疾病管理中的应用以及壳聚糖支架在治疗该疾病的药物输送系统中的潜在用途。
