Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey.
J Food Sci. 2024 Sep;89(9):5928-5950. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.17292. Epub 2024 Aug 13.
Mushrooms have been essential to the human diet because they contain balanced chemical components and some biologically active substances. In this work, we investigated the phenolics, essential oils, metal contents, antioxidant, antibacterial, DNA protective, and enzyme inhibition activities for Clitocybe geotropa, Ramaria aurea, Rhizopogon luteolus (RL), Russula delica (RD), Verpa bohemica, and Marasmius oreades mushrooms. Results exhibited a higher content for citric and succinic acids in all tested kinds. Further, we detected a high content of cis-9-oleic acid, linoleate, and cis-11-eicosanoate. All mushroom species contain a significant percentage of both Cu and Zn. Moreover, RL and RD recorded the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. Furthermore, all samples showed standard to good antioxidant activity, and the same is true for the antibacterial and DNA protective activities. Enzyme inhibition activity was generally high and significantly higher against the urease than the thiourea. We applied molecular docking between the highest phenolic molecules with the urease to determine the mushroom extracts' high inhibition mechanism. In conclusion, all mushroom species revealed a variety in chemical content that is probably related to their multi-bioactivity.
蘑菇一直是人类饮食中不可或缺的一部分，因为它们含有平衡的化学成分和一些具有生物活性的物质。在这项工作中，我们研究了草菇、金顶侧耳、美味红菇、美味牛肝菌、离褶伞和美味鸡油菌的酚类、精油、金属含量、抗氧化、抗菌、DNA 保护和酶抑制活性。结果表明，所有测试品种的柠檬酸和琥珀酸含量都较高。此外，我们还检测到顺-9-油酸、亚油酸和顺-11-二十烷酸的含量较高。所有蘑菇品种都含有相当比例的铜和锌。此外，RL 和 RD 记录了最高的酚类和类黄酮含量。此外，所有样品均表现出标准至良好的抗氧化活性，对细菌和 DNA 的保护活性也是如此。酶抑制活性通常较高，对脲酶的抑制活性明显高于硫脲。我们应用分子对接将最高酚类分子与脲酶进行对接，以确定蘑菇提取物的高抑制机制。总之，所有蘑菇品种的化学成分都存在差异，这可能与其多种生物活性有关。
