Din Muhammad Azhar Ud, Wan Aijun, Chu Ying, Zhou Jing, Yan Yongmin, Xu Zhiliang
Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine, Wujin Hospital Affiliated with Jiangsu University (The Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), Changzhou, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Jul 30;11:1406547. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1406547. eCollection 2024.
The chronic immune-mediated inflammatory condition known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) significantly affects the gastrointestinal system. While the precise etiology of IBD remains elusive, extensive research suggests that a range of pathophysiological pathways and immunopathological mechanisms may significantly contribute as potential factors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown significant potential in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for various medical conditions. However, some MSCs have been found to exhibit tumorigenic characteristics, which limit their potential for medical treatments. The extracellular vesicles (EVs), paracrine factors play a crucial role in the therapeutic benefits conferred by MSCs. The EVs consist of proteins, microRNAs, and lipids, and are instrumental in facilitating intercellular communication. Due to the ease of maintenance, and decreased immunogenicity, tumorigenicity the EVs have become a new and exciting option for whole cell treatment. This review comprehensively assesses recent preclinical research on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC)-derived EVs as a potential IBD therapy. It comprehensively addresses key aspects of various conditions, including diabetes, cancer, dermal injuries, neurological disorders, cardiovascular issues, liver and kidney diseases, and bone-related afflictions.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性免疫介导的炎症性疾病，对胃肠道系统有显著影响。虽然IBD的确切病因仍不清楚，但广泛的研究表明，一系列病理生理途径和免疫病理机制可能是潜在的重要因素。间充质干细胞（MSCs）在多种医疗状况的新型治疗方法开发中显示出巨大潜力。然而，已发现一些MSCs具有致瘤特性，这限制了它们在医学治疗中的潜力。细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为旁分泌因子，在MSCs赋予的治疗益处中起关键作用。EVs由蛋白质、微小RNA和脂质组成，有助于促进细胞间通讯。由于易于维持、免疫原性降低且致瘤性降低，EVs已成为全细胞治疗的一个新的、令人兴奋的选择。本综述全面评估了人脐带间充质干细胞（hUC-MSC）来源的EVs作为IBD潜在治疗方法的近期临床前研究。它全面阐述了各种病症的关键方面，包括糖尿病、癌症、皮肤损伤、神经系统疾病、心血管问题、肝肾疾病以及与骨骼相关的疾病。
