Yin Xiao, Liu Yu, Gong Yunhe, Ding Guangzhou, Zhao Chunlei, Li Yanli
College of Modern Agriculture and Ecologcial Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.
Sugar Beet Engineering Research Center of Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
Front Genet. 2024 Jul 30;15:1430589. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1430589. eCollection 2024.
Sugar beet ( L.) is one of the most important sugar crops, accounting for nearly 30% of the world's annual sugar production. And it is mainly distributed in the northwestern, northern, and northeastern regions of China. However, spot (CLS) is the most serious and destructive foliar disease during the cultivation of sugar beet. In plants, the bZIP gene family is one of important family of transcription factors that regulate many biological processes, including cell and tissue differentiation, pathogen defense, light response, and abiotic stress signaling. Although the bZIP gene family has been mentioned in previous studies as playing a crucial role in plant defense against diseases, there has been no comprehensive study or functional analysis of the bZIP gene family in sugar beet with respect to biotic stresses. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis of bZIP family genes (BvbZIPs) in sugar beet to investigate their phylogenetic relationships, gene structure and chromosomal localization. At the same time, we observed the stomatal and cell ultrastructure of sugar beet leaf surface during the period of infestation by Cercospora beticola Sacc (). And identified the genes with significant differential expression in the bZIP gene family of sugar beet by qRT-PCR. Finally we determined the concentrations of SA and JA and verified the associated genes by qRT-PCR. The results showed that 48 genes were identified and gene expression analysis indicated that 6 BvbZIPs were significantly differential expressed in infection. It is speculated that these BvbZIPs are candidate genes for regulating the response of sugar beet to CLS infection. Meanwhile, the observation stomata of sugar beet leaves infected with revealed that there were also differences in the surface stomata of the leaves at different periods of infection. In addition, we further confirmed that the protein encoded by the SA signaling pathway-related gene BVRB_9g222570 in high-resistant varieties was PR1, which is closely related to systemic acquired resistance. One of the protein interaction modes of JA signal transduction pathway is the response of MYC2 transcription factor caused by JAZ protein degradation, and there is a molecular interaction between JA signal transduction pathway and auxin. Despite previous reports on abiotic stresses in sugar beet, this study provides very useful information for further research on the role of the sugar beet bZIP gene family in sugar beet through experiments. The above research findings can promote the development of sugar beet disease resistance breeding.
甜菜（Beta vulgaris L.）是最重要的糖料作物之一，占世界年糖产量的近30%。它主要分布在中国的西北、华北和东北地区。然而，叶斑病（CLS）是甜菜种植过程中最严重、最具破坏性的叶部病害。在植物中，bZIP基因家族是调节许多生物学过程的重要转录因子家族之一，这些过程包括细胞和组织分化、病原体防御、光反应和非生物胁迫信号传导。尽管在先前的研究中已经提到bZIP基因家族在植物抗病防御中起着关键作用，但关于生物胁迫方面，尚未对甜菜中的bZIP基因家族进行全面研究或功能分析。在本研究中，我们对甜菜中的bZIP家族基因（BvbZIPs）进行了全基因组分析，以研究它们的系统发育关系、基因结构和染色体定位。同时，我们观察了甜菜叶片在被甜菜尾孢菌（Cercospora beticola Sacc.）侵染期间的气孔和细胞超微结构。并通过qRT-PCR鉴定了甜菜bZIP基因家族中差异表达显著的基因。最后我们测定了水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）含量，并通过qRT-PCR验证了相关基因。结果表明，共鉴定出48个基因，基因表达分析表明有6个BvbZIPs在尾孢菌侵染时差异表达显著。推测这些BvbZIPs是调节甜菜对叶斑病侵染反应的候选基因。同时，对感染尾孢菌的甜菜叶片气孔观察发现，不同侵染时期叶片表面气孔也存在差异。此外，我们进一步证实，高抗品种中与SA信号通路相关基因BVRB_9g222570编码的蛋白是PR1，它与系统获得性抗性密切相关。JA信号转导途径的蛋白互作模式之一是JAZ蛋白降解引起的MYC2转录因子响应，且JA信号转导途径与生长素之间存在分子互作。尽管之前有关于甜菜非生物胁迫的报道，但本研究通过实验为进一步研究甜菜bZIP基因家族在甜菜中的作用提供了非常有用的信息。上述研究结果能够推动甜菜抗病育种的发展。
