Jinnah University for Women, Department of Botany, Karachi, Pakistan.
University of Karachi, Department of Zoology, Karachi, Pakistan.
Braz J Biol. 2024 Aug 12;84:e280796. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.280796. eCollection 2024.
Marine organisms produce a variety of compounds with pharmacological activities. In order to better comprehend the medicinal value of five particular seaweed orders Ulvales (Ulva intestinalis), Bryopsidales (Codium decorticatum), Ectocarpales (Iyengaria stellata), Dictyotales (Spatoglossum aspermum) and Gigartinales (Hypnea musciformis), a bioactive analysis including the screening of phytochemical components, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities was the aim of the investigation. The species include U. intestinalis was collected from Sandspit, while C. decorticatum, I. stellata, S. aspermum, and H. musciformis were gathered from Buleji. These species evaluated for their ability to inhibit human infectious gram positive pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis as well as gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Additionally vegetable pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, and fruit pathogens (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus) were evaluated to determine the zone of inhibition. Two organic solvents, ethanol and methanol, were used to prepare seaweed extract. The disc diffusion method was utilized to quantify the zone of inhibition and the DPPH method was employed to measure the antioxidant activity. The study unveiled various phyto-constituents in the tested seaweeds, with flavonoids, tannins, and proteins found in all selected species, while saponins, terpenoids, and carbohydrates were absent in I. stellata and S. aspermum. Notably, ethanolic extracts of I. stellata and S. aspermum demonstrated superior higher antioxidant activity, with increasing percentages of inhibition from 1 to 6 mg/ml. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the ethanolic extract of U. intestinalis displayed the highest resistance against F. oxysporum and A. flavous among other seaweeds. Meanwhile, the ethanolic extract of C. decorticatum exhibited the highest resistance against A. Niger. Additionally, the ethanolic extract of I. stellata and H. musciformis displayed the highest resistance against the gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the gram-positive bacteria S. epidermidis, whereas the methanolic extract of U. intestinalis demonstrated the highest resistance against the gram-positive bacteria S. aureus. The findings of this investigation show that a range of bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties are involved in the antimicrobial activities of disease-causing pathogens.
海洋生物产生具有药理活性的各种化合物。为了更好地理解 5 种特定海藻纲（绿藻门 Ulva intestinalis、石莼目 Bryopsidales Codium decorticatum、网地藻目 Ectocarpales Iyengaria stellata、萱藻目 Dictyotales Spatoglossum aspermum 和仙菜目 Gigartinales Hypnea musciformis）的药用价值，本研究旨在进行生物活性分析，包括筛选植物化学成分、抗氧化和抗菌活性。研究中使用的物种包括绿藻门 Ulva intestinalis 是从斯旺比沙咀采集的，而 Codium decorticatum、Iyengaria stellata、Spatoglossum aspermum 和 Hypnea musciformis 是从布勒吉采集的。这些物种被评估抑制人传染性革兰氏阳性病原体金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌以及革兰氏阴性细菌大肠杆菌的能力。此外，还评估了植物病原体尖孢镰刀菌和水果病原体（黑曲霉和黄曲霉），以确定抑菌圈。使用两种有机溶剂乙醇和甲醇来制备海藻提取物。采用圆盘扩散法来定量抑菌圈，采用 DPPH 法来测量抗氧化活性。研究揭示了测试海藻中的各种植物成分，所有选定的物种都含有黄酮类、单宁和蛋白质，而 Iyengaria stellata 和 Spatoglossum aspermum 则不含皂角苷、萜类化合物和碳水化合物。值得注意的是，Iyengaria stellata 和 Spatoglossum aspermum 的乙醇提取物表现出更高的抗氧化活性，随着 1 至 6mg/ml 的抑制百分比的增加而增加。此外，研究结果表明，绿藻门 Ulva intestinalis 的乙醇提取物对 F. oxysporum 和 A. flavous 等其他海藻表现出最高的抗性。同时，Codium decorticatum 的乙醇提取物对 A. Niger 表现出最高的抗性。此外，Iyengaria stellata 和 Hypnea musciformis 的乙醇提取物对革兰氏阴性菌 E. coli 和革兰氏阳性菌 S. epidermidis 表现出最高的抗性，而绿藻门 Ulva intestinalis 的甲醇提取物对革兰氏阳性菌 S. aureus 表现出最高的抗性。本研究的结果表明，一系列具有抗氧化特性的生物活性化合物参与了致病病原体的抗菌活性。
