The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-5001, USA.
Structural Biology Research Unit, Department of Integrative, Biomedical Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
Arch Virol. 2024 Aug 14;169(9):176. doi: 10.1007/s00705-024-06107-2.
Circovirids have a circular single-stranded DNA genome packed into a small icosahedral capsid. They are classified within two genera, Circovirus and Cyclovirus, in the family Circoviridae (phylum Cressdnaviricota, class Arfiviricetes, order Cirlivirales). Over the last five years, a number of new circovirids have been identified, and, as a result, 54 new species have been created for their classification based on the previously established species demarcation criterion, namely, that viruses classified into different species share less than 80% genome-wide pairwise sequence identity. Of note, one of the newly created species includes a circovirus that was identified in human hepatocytes and suspected of causing liver damage. Furthermore, to comply with binomial species nomenclature, all new and previously recognized species have been (re)named in binomial format with a freeform epithet. Here, we provide a summary of the properties of circovirid genomes and their classification as of June 2024 (65 species in the genus Circovirus and 90 species in the genus Cyclovirus). Finally, we provide reference datasets of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences representing each of the officially recognized circovirid species to facilitate further classification of newly discovered members of the Circoviridae.
圆环病毒属具有圆形的单链 DNA 基因组，包装在一个小的二十面体衣壳中。它们被分类为圆环病毒属和环曲病毒属两个属，属于圆环病毒科（Cressdnaviricota 门，Arfiviricetes 纲，Circlovirales 目）。在过去的五年中，已经鉴定出许多新的圆环病毒，因此，根据先前建立的物种划分标准，即分类为不同物种的病毒之间共享的全基因组成对序列同一性小于 80%，已经创建了 54 个新物种用于其分类。值得注意的是，新创建的物种之一包括一种在人类肝细胞中发现的圆环病毒，怀疑该病毒会导致肝损伤。此外，为了符合二名法物种命名法，所有新识别和以前识别的物种都以二名法格式（自由词）重新命名。在这里，我们总结了圆环病毒基因组的特性及其分类，截至 2024 年 6 月（圆环病毒属中有 65 个种，环曲病毒属中有 90 个种）。最后，我们提供了代表每个正式认可的圆环病毒种的核苷酸和氨基酸序列的参考数据集，以促进对圆环病毒科新发现成员的进一步分类。
