Yoon Yeong Sook, Lee Hye In, Oh Sang Woo
Department of Family Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, KOR.
Medical Scientific Affairs, Haleon, Seoul, KOR.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 13;16(8):e66813. doi: 10.7759/cureus.66813. eCollection 2024 Aug.
The concept of precision nutrition highlights the customization of nutrition to specific needs, emphasizing that a one-size-fits-all approach is not sufficient for either optimal nutrition or optimal health. Precision nutrition encompasses a range of factors, from broad strata of age and sex categories to personal characteristics such as lifestyle to an individual's unique genotype. This breadth of scope requires us to consider how precision nutrition can be implemented in an inclusive and appropriate way for individuals and groups within real-life populations. In this narrative review, we explore the potential of precision nutrition through a life-stage approach that emphasizes age- and gender-specific nutritional needs as these change across the lifespan. Focusing on adult life stages, we delineated trends in age-related conditions and health needs among Korean adults based on national-level survey data (KNHANES 2019-2021). We also reviewed the intake of nutrients associated with these health needs to better understand how life-stage guided approaches to nutrition and supplementation could support optimal health. Looking beyond preventing deficiency or disease, we discuss how tailored supplementation of essential vitamins, minerals, and certain bioactive substances could promote healthy functioning. Finally, we discuss the complexities and challenges of developing multivitamin/multimineral supplements (MVMS) to support life-stage appropriate nutrition while maximizing adherence. Future prospects include leveraging advancements in intelligent technologies and dietary assessments for tracking nutrient intake and health indicators and using these to optimize MVMS formulations in ways that are sensitive to a person's needs and priorities/preferences at different life stages. By adopting a life-stage guided approach to nutrition, we can better support health and well-being across the lifespan.
精准营养的概念强调根据特定需求定制营养，强调一刀切的方法对于实现最佳营养或最佳健康都不够。精准营养涵盖一系列因素，从宽泛的年龄和性别类别层次到生活方式等个人特征，再到个体独特的基因型。这种广泛的范围要求我们思考如何以包容且合适的方式，在现实人群中的个体和群体中实施精准营养。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们通过一种生命阶段方法来探索精准营养的潜力，该方法强调年龄和性别特定的营养需求，因为这些需求在整个生命周期中会发生变化。聚焦于成年生命阶段，我们基于国家级调查数据（2019 - 2021年韩国国家健康与营养检查调查）描绘了韩国成年人中与年龄相关的状况和健康需求趋势。我们还回顾了与这些健康需求相关的营养素摄入量，以更好地理解基于生命阶段的营养和补充方法如何支持最佳健康。除了预防营养缺乏或疾病之外，我们还讨论了定制补充必需维生素、矿物质和某些生物活性物质如何能够促进健康功能。最后，我们讨论了开发多种维生素/多种矿物质补充剂（MVMS）以支持适合生命阶段的营养同时最大化依从性的复杂性和挑战。未来的前景包括利用智能技术和饮食评估方面的进展来跟踪营养摄入和健康指标，并利用这些来优化MVMS配方，使其能够根据不同生命阶段个人的需求和优先事项/偏好进行调整。通过采用基于生命阶段的营养方法，我们可以在整个生命周期中更好地支持健康和幸福。
