Garrido-Muñoz María, Blanco-García Cecilia, Diez-Vega Ignacio, García-Merino Sonia, Acebes-Sánchez Jorge, Rodríguez-Romo Gabriel
Deporte y Entrenamiento Research Group, Departamento de Deportes, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jul 31;15:1440412. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1440412. eCollection 2024.
While there is agreement on the positive link between psychological resilience and athletic performance, conclusive findings regarding the association between psychological resilience and other variables of interest (for example, age, gender, type of sport, or competitive level) remain elusive.
The study aimed to assess psychological resilience levels among judokas and explore potential associations with demographic factors, judo experience and competitive level.
A total of 702 judokas (469 men and 233 women) participated in the study, of whom 194 (27.6%) were classified as TOP by their competitive level. Psychological resilience was evaluated using the Spanish version of the (CD-RISC 10), with a score range from 0 to 40. Independent -test and Pearson's coefficient were used for bivariate analysis. A two-way non-parametric ANCOVA was carried out to analyse the impact of gender and competitive level on psychological resilience.
The judokas showed total mean scores in the CD-RISC 10 of 33.08 points (SD = 4.79), considered high. Levels of psychological resilience were significantly higher among men (33.36 ± 4.76) than women (32.53 ± 4.80) and were positively correlated with age and number of years practicing and competing in Judo ( = 0.019). Judokas with a higher competitive level (TOP judokas) showed significantly higher levels of resilience than the others (non-TOP judokas) ( < 0.001). These differences in resilience according to competitive level persisted, among both men and women, when adjusting the model of analysis (two-way ANCOVA) for all variables considered in the study, although with a small effect size.
The results suggest that the practice of Judo, especially over long periods of time, is associated with high scores in psychological resilience. Furthermore, psychological resilience appears to be a differentiating variable among judokas at a high-competitive level, and its evaluation and development using different strategies based on age and gender should be considered by trainers and psychologists.
虽然心理韧性与运动表现之间的正向联系已达成共识，但关于心理韧性与其他相关变量（如年龄、性别、运动类型或竞技水平）之间关联的确切研究结果仍不明确。
本研究旨在评估柔道运动员的心理韧性水平，并探讨其与人口统计学因素、柔道经验和竞技水平之间的潜在关联。
共有702名柔道运动员（469名男性和233名女性）参与了本研究，其中194名（27.6%）根据其竞技水平被归类为顶级选手。使用西班牙语版的（CD-RISC 10）评估心理韧性，得分范围为0至40分。采用独立样本t检验和皮尔逊系数进行双变量分析。进行双向非参数协方差分析以分析性别和竞技水平对心理韧性的影响。
柔道运动员在CD-RISC 10中的总平均得分为33.08分（标准差=4.79），属于高分。男性（33.36±4.76）的心理韧性水平显著高于女性（32.53±4.80），且与年龄以及柔道练习和比赛年限呈正相关（P=0.019）。竞技水平较高的柔道运动员（顶级选手）的心理韧性水平显著高于其他选手（非顶级选手）（P<0.001）。在对研究中考虑的所有变量进行分析模型调整（双向协方差分析）后，无论男性还是女性，根据竞技水平的心理韧性差异依然存在，尽管效应量较小。
结果表明，柔道练习，尤其是长期练习，与心理韧性高分相关。此外，心理韧性似乎是高水平竞技柔道运动员之间的一个区分变量，教练和心理学家应考虑根据年龄和性别采用不同策略对其进行评估和培养。
