Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Aug 15;18(8):e0012409. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012409. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania parasites, that can cause long-term chronic disabilities. The clinical presentation of CL varies in both type and severity. CL presents as three main clinical forms: localised lesions (localised cutaneous leishmaniasis, LCL); mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) that affects the mucosa of the nose or the mouth; or as disseminated not ulcerating nodules (diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis, DCL). Here we recruited a cohort of CL patients in a newly established leishmaniasis treatment centre (LTC) in Lay Gayint, Northwest Ethiopia, and collected detailed demographic and clinical data. The results of our study show that more males than females present to the LTC to seek diagnosis and treatment. 70.2% of CL patients presented with LCL and 20.8% with MCL. A small number of patients presented with DCL, recidivans CL (a rare form of CL where new lesions appear on the edges of CL scars) or with a combination of different clinical presentations. The duration of illness varied from 1 month to 180 months. Over a third of CL patients had additional suspected CL cases in their household. Despite the majority of CL patients having heard about CL, only a minority knew about its transmission or that it could be treated. Most CL patients lived in areas where environmental factors known to be associated with the transmission of CL were present. This work highlights that CL is an important public health problem in Lay Gayint and emphasises the urgent need for more CL awareness campaigns, better health education and better disease management practices.
皮肤利什曼病(CL)是一种由利什曼原虫引起的被忽视的热带病,可导致长期慢性残疾。CL 的临床表现在类型和严重程度上有所不同。CL 主要有三种临床表现形式:局限性病变(局限性皮肤利什曼病,LCL);黏膜皮肤利什曼病(MCL),影响鼻子或口腔的黏膜;或弥漫性非溃疡性结节(弥漫性皮肤利什曼病,DCL)。在这里,我们在埃塞俄比亚西北部的 Lay Gayint 新成立的利什曼病治疗中心(LTC)招募了一组 CL 患者,并收集了详细的人口统计学和临床数据。我们的研究结果表明,更多的男性而不是女性到 LTC 寻求诊断和治疗。70.2%的 CL 患者表现为 LCL,20.8%的患者表现为 MCL。少数患者表现为 DCL、复发性 CL(一种罕见的 CL 形式,新病变出现在 CL 疤痕的边缘)或具有不同临床表现的组合。疾病持续时间从 1 个月到 180 个月不等。超过三分之一的 CL 患者在其家庭中还有其他疑似 CL 病例。尽管大多数 CL 患者听说过 CL,但只有少数人知道它的传播途径或可以治疗。大多数 CL 患者生活在已知与 CL 传播有关的环境因素存在的地区。这项工作强调了 CL 是 Lay Gayint 的一个重要公共卫生问题,并强调了急需开展更多的 CL 宣传活动、加强健康教育和改善疾病管理实践。
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