Korimbocus Bilal, Wilson Helen, McGuckin Aine, Gormley Gerard J
Northern Ireland Medical and Dental Agency, Belfast, UK.
Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Adv Simul (Lond). 2024 Aug 15;9(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s41077-024-00307-1.
Dermatological conditions are a common reason for patients to seek healthcare advice. However, they are often under-represented in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs). Given the visual nature of skin conditions, simulation is suited to recreate such skin conditions in assessments such as OSCEs. One such technique often used in simulation is moulage-the art and science of using special effects make-up techniques to replicate a wide range of conditions on Simulated Participants or manikins. However, the contextual nature of OSCEs places additional challenges compared to using moulage in more general forms of simulated-based education.
OSCEs are high-stakes assessments and require standardisation across multiple OSCE circuits. In addition, OSCEs tend to have large numbers of candidates, so moulage needs to be durable in this context. Given the need to expand the use of moulage in OSCE stations and the unique challenges that occur in OSCEs, there is a requirement to have guiding principles to inform their use and development.
Informed by evidence, and grounded in experience, this article aims to provide practical tips for health profession education faculty on how best to optimise the use of moulage in OSCEs. We will describe the process of designing an OSCE station, with a focus on including moulage. Secondly, we will provide a series of important practice points to use moulage in OSCEs-and encourage readers to integrate them into their day-to-day practice.
皮肤病是患者寻求医疗建议的常见原因。然而，在客观结构化临床考试（OSCEs）中，皮肤病相关内容的呈现往往不足。鉴于皮肤疾病的视觉特性，模拟技术适合在诸如OSCEs等评估中重现此类皮肤状况。模拟中常用的一种技术是塑形——运用特效化妆技术在模拟参与者或人体模型上复制各种病症的艺术与科学。然而，与在更一般形式的模拟教育中使用塑形相比，OSCEs的情境性质带来了额外的挑战。
OSCEs是高风险评估，要求在多个OSCE考试环节实现标准化。此外，OSCEs往往有大量考生，因此在这种情况下塑形需要持久耐用。鉴于需要在OSCE考试站点扩大塑形的使用，以及OSCEs中出现的独特挑战，需要有指导原则来指导其使用和发展。
本文以证据为依据，基于经验，旨在为卫生专业教育工作者提供实用建议，说明如何在OSCEs中最佳地优化塑形的使用。我们将描述设计一个OSCE考试站点的过程，重点是纳入塑形。其次，我们将提供一系列在OSCEs中使用塑形的重要实践要点，并鼓励读者将其融入日常实践。
