The First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
Chem Rec. 2024 Sep;24(9):e202400087. doi: 10.1002/tcr.202400087. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammation of blood vessels, which often has no obvious symptoms in the early stage of the disease, but when atherosclerotic plaques are formed, they often cause lumen blockage, and even plaque rupture leads to thrombosis, that is the essential factor of cardiovascular events, for example myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and renal atrophy. Therefore, it is considerably significant for the early recognition and precise therapy of plaque. Biomimetic nanoparticles (BNPs), especially those coated with cell membranes, can retain the biological function of cell membranes or cells, which has led to extensive research and application in the diagnosis and treatment of AS in recent years. In this review, we summarized the roles of various key cells in AS progression, the construction of biomimetic nanoparticles based on these key cells as well as their applications in AS diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, we give a challenge and prospect of biomimetic nanoparticles in AS, hoping to elevate their application quality and the possibility of clinical translation.
动脉粥样硬化（AS）是一种血管的慢性炎症，在疾病的早期阶段通常没有明显的症状，但当形成动脉粥样硬化斑块时，它们常常导致管腔阻塞，甚至斑块破裂导致血栓形成，这是心血管事件的重要因素，例如心肌梗死、脑梗死和肾萎缩。因此，早期识别和精确治疗斑块具有重要意义。仿生纳米粒子（BNPs），特别是那些包覆细胞膜的纳米粒子，可以保留细胞膜或细胞的生物学功能，这在近年来导致了对 AS 的诊断和治疗的广泛研究和应用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了各种关键细胞在 AS 进展中的作用，基于这些关键细胞构建的仿生纳米粒子及其在 AS 诊断和治疗中的应用。此外，我们还对 AS 中的仿生纳米粒子提出了挑战和展望，希望能提高它们的应用质量和临床转化的可能性。
