Ahmad Lynn, Aljoujou Abeer A, Nadra Reem, Mashlah Ammar Mahmoud, Al Beesh Fatima AlZahraa, Alyafi Amr, Moulay Driss Haina
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, University of Damascus, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, SYR.
Department of Biology, University of Damascus, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus, SYR.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 19;16(7):e64887. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64887. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene, resulting in the abnormal shape of red blood cells. This condition is accompanied by various oral manifestations including salivary gland dysfunction leading to a heightened susceptibility to dental caries. This disorder is primarily treated with hydroxyurea. This study aims to assess dental caries utilizing the decay, missing, filling teeth (DMFT) index and evaluate salivary buffering capacity in patients diagnosed with SCD (HbSS type). The study also aims to assess the relationship between DMFT and salivary buffering capacity. Additionally, the study aimed to find a correlation between treatment with hydroxyurea and changes in both dental caries and salivary buffering capacity. Methods This case-control study enrolled a total of 100 participants aged between 20 and 50 years. The participants were divided into two groups: the study group, which comprised 70 individuals diagnosed with SCD (HbSS type), who were asked to report their current use of hydroxyurea, and the control group, which included 30 healthy individuals. Dental caries were assessed using the DMFT index, while salivary buffering capacity was measured using a pH meter model 420A device. Results The study group exhibited a mean DMFT index value of 6.39 compared to 5.20 in the control group. This difference was statistically significant (value=0.037), indicating higher DMFT values among patients with SCD. Salivary buffering capacity was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group, with average values of 6.47 and 6.88, (value=.022). Interestingly, the administration of hydroxyurea impacted salivary buffering capacity, resulting in lower values for individuals using the drug (value=0.039). Conversely, hydroxyurea did not have a significant effect on DMFT values (value=0.317). Conclusion SCD increases susceptibility to dental caries and is associated with significant changes in salivary composition. At the same time, the potential negative impact of hydroxyurea is acknowledged.
背景 镰状细胞病（SCD）是一种由基因突变引起的遗传性疾病，导致红细胞形状异常。这种疾病伴有各种口腔表现，包括唾液腺功能障碍，导致患龋齿的易感性增加。这种疾病主要用羟基脲治疗。本研究旨在利用龋失补牙（DMFT）指数评估龋齿情况，并评估诊断为SCD（HbSS型）患者的唾液缓冲能力。该研究还旨在评估DMFT与唾液缓冲能力之间的关系。此外，该研究旨在发现羟基脲治疗与龋齿和唾液缓冲能力变化之间的相关性。方法 本病例对照研究共纳入100名年龄在20至50岁之间的参与者。参与者分为两组：研究组，由70名诊断为SCD（HbSS型）的个体组成，要求他们报告目前使用羟基脲的情况；对照组，包括30名健康个体。使用DMFT指数评估龋齿情况，同时使用420A型号pH计测量唾液缓冲能力。结果 研究组的平均DMFT指数值为6.39，而对照组为5.20。这种差异具有统计学意义（值=0.037），表明SCD患者的DMFT值更高。研究组的唾液缓冲能力明显低于对照组，平均值分别为6.47和6.88（值=0.022）。有趣的是，羟基脲的使用影响了唾液缓冲能力，使用该药物的个体的值较低（值=0.039）。相反，羟基脲对DMFT值没有显著影响（值=0.317）。结论 SCD增加了患龋齿的易感性，并与唾液成分的显著变化有关。同时，认识到羟基脲的潜在负面影响。
