Facultad del Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 31;12:1425191. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1425191. eCollection 2024.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIIT and SIT programmes on body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, cardiorespiratory fitness, and strength of adolescents and to compare the effect between those different protocols.
Sixty adolescents were recruited from a high school and were randomly placed into three groups. SIT and HIIT undertook a training for 8 weeks, twice a week, for 12 min per session, during their Physical Education lessons. SIT group performed 6 sets of 60 s of work (90-95%HRmax) / 60 s of rest (50-55%HRmax), and HIIT group performed 3 sets of 2 min of work (80-85%HRmax) / 2 min of rest (50-55%HRmax).
After adjustment by sex, both experimental groups exhibited a significant reduction in fat mass ( < 0.01), and trunk fat mass ( < 0.01), as well as a significant increase in lean mass ( = 0.01; <0.01), hand-grip strength ( < 0.01) and standing long jump ( = 0.05-0.04, respectively). In addition, HIIT showed a significant ( < 0.05) improvement in blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and VO2max, and a tendency toward a significant reduction in low density lipoprotein.
The implementation of a HIIT protocol within high school Physical Education sessions, maintained for 8 weeks, at a rate of 3 sets of 2 min of work (80-85% RHR)/2 min of rest (50-55% RHR) generated adaptations such as improved fitness condition, changes in body composition, and improvements in blood parameters and blood pressure. However, the group of adolescents who performed SIT, shorter but more intense sets, did not experience as many benefits.
本研究旨在评估高强度间歇训练（HIIT）和稳定强度训练（SIT）方案对青少年身体成分、血压、血脂谱、血糖、心肺适能和力量的影响，并比较两种不同方案之间的效果。
从一所高中招募了 60 名青少年，并将他们随机分为三组。SIT 和 HIIT 在体育课上每周进行两次，每次 12 分钟，进行 8 周的训练。SIT 组进行 6 组 60 秒的工作（90-95%最大心率）/60 秒的休息（50-55%最大心率），HIIT 组进行 3 组 2 分钟的工作（80-85%最大心率）/2 分钟的休息（50-55%最大心率）。
调整性别后，两组实验组的体脂（<0.01）和躯干脂肪（<0.01）显著减少，瘦体重（=0.01；<0.01）、握力（<0.01）和立定跳远（=0.05-0.04）显著增加。此外，HIIT 组的血压、舒张压、心率和最大摄氧量显著改善（<0.05），低密度脂蛋白呈下降趋势（<0.05）。
在高中体育课上实施 HIIT 方案，持续 8 周，以 3 组 2 分钟的工作（80-85% RHR）/2 分钟的休息（50-55% RHR）的速度进行，可产生适应性变化，如提高健康状况、身体成分的变化，以及改善血液参数和血压。然而，进行更短但更剧烈的 SIT 运动的青少年组并没有获得那么多的益处。
