School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Saint Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre, Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2022 May 4;17(5):e0266427. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266427. eCollection 2022.
We searched Medline, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science from inception until 31 March 2021. Studies were eligible if 1) participants aged 5-17 years old; 2) a HIIT intervention within a school setting ≥ 2 weeks duration; 3) a control or comparative exercise group; 4) health-related, cognitive, physical activity, nutrition, or program evaluation outcomes; and 5) original research published in English. We conducted meta-analyses between HIIT and control groups for all outcomes with ≥ 4 studies and meta-regressions for all outcomes with ≥ 10 studies. We narratively synthesised results between HIIT and comparative exercise groups.
Fifty-four papers met eligibility criteria, encompassing 42 unique studies (35 randomised controlled trials; 36 with a high risk of bias). Meta-analyses indicated significant improvements in waist circumference (mean difference (MD) = -2.5cm), body fat percentage (MD = -1.7%), body mass index (standardised mean difference (SMD) = -1.0), cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD = +1.0), resting heart rate (MD = -5bpm), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (MD = -0.7), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (SMD = -0.9) for HIIT compared to the control group. Our narrative synthesis indicated mixed findings between HIIT and other comparative exercise groups.
School-based HIIT is effective for improving several health outcomes. Future research should address the paucity of information on physical activity and nutrition outcomes and focus on the integration and long-term effectiveness of HIIT interventions within school settings.
PROSPERO CRD42018117567.
1）研究基于学校的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）干预对儿童和青少年健康结果的有效性，与对照组或其他运动方式相比；2）探讨已发表的基于学校的 HIIT 干预的干预特征和过程结果。
我们从成立到 2021 年 3 月 31 日在 Medline、Embase、CINAHL、SPORTDiscus 和 Web of Science 进行了搜索。如果符合以下标准，则研究符合条件：1）参与者年龄在 5-17 岁；2）在学校环境中进行的 HIIT 干预持续时间≥2 周；3）控制或比较运动组；4）与健康相关、认知、身体活动、营养或计划评估结果；5）以英语发表的原始研究。我们对所有具有≥4 项研究的 HIIT 和对照组进行了荟萃分析，对所有具有≥10 项研究的结果进行了元回归。我们对 HIIT 和比较运动组之间的结果进行了叙述性综合。
54 篇论文符合入选标准，涵盖了 42 项独特的研究（35 项随机对照试验；36 项具有高偏倚风险）。荟萃分析表明，腰围（平均差异（MD）=-2.5cm）、体脂肪百分比（MD=-1.7%）、体重指数（标准化均数差（SMD）=-1.0）、心肺适能（SMD=+1.0）、静息心率（MD=-5bpm）、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（MD=-0.7）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（SMD=-0.9）方面，HIIT 与对照组相比有显著改善。我们的叙述性综合表明，HIIT 与其他比较运动组之间的结果存在差异。
基于学校的 HIIT 对改善多项健康结果是有效的。未来的研究应解决关于身体活动和营养结果信息不足的问题，并关注 HIIT 干预在学校环境中的整合和长期效果。
PROSPERO CRD42018117567。
