Center of Research Excellence in Wastewater-based Epidemiology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, 21251, USA.
Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
Food Environ Virol. 2024 Dec;16(4):433-437. doi: 10.1007/s12560-024-09609-z. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Test protocols have been developed to test water treatment devices/systems for use for treating drinking water that are used at the individual and home level to ensure the removal of waterborne viruses. Current test procedures call for the use of poliovirus type 1 and/or rotavirus SA11. Recently we suggested that selected coliphages could be used as surrogates for poliovirus for testing of point-of-use (POU) water treatment devices, however, rotavirus was not used in those studies. The purpose of this review was to compare studies of POU devices which were tested with poliovirus type 1, simian rotavirus SA11 and coliphage MS2 to determine if the behavior of rotavirus SA11 was significantly different. In addition, an attempt was made to compare the relative resistance of these viruses by various disinfectants used to treat drinking water. In all cases SA11 was removed to an equal or greater degree than poliovirus. SA11 was found to be less resistant to halogens, although one study found it to be more resistance to chloramines than poliovirus and MS2. Based on this review, use of coliphages for testing POU devices appear justified. Additionally, data on chloramines for these viruses would be useful to determine if rotavirus is more resistant than poliovirus and MS2.
已经制定了测试协议，以测试用于个人和家庭层面处理饮用水的水治疗设备/系统，以确保去除水中病毒。目前的测试程序需要使用脊髓灰质炎病毒 1 型和/或轮状病毒 SA11。最近，我们建议可以选择噬菌体作为脊髓灰质炎病毒的替代品，用于测试即需（POU）水处理设备，但在这些研究中并未使用轮状病毒。本综述的目的是比较用脊髓灰质炎病毒 1 型、猴轮状病毒 SA11 和噬菌体 MS2 测试的 POU 设备的研究，以确定轮状病毒 SA11 的行为是否有显著差异。此外，还试图通过各种用于处理饮用水的消毒剂来比较这些病毒的相对抗性。在所有情况下，SA11 的去除程度与脊髓灰质炎病毒相等或更高。尽管有一项研究发现，与噬菌体 MS2 相比，SA11 对氯胺的抵抗力较弱，但它对卤素的抵抗力较低。基于此综述，使用噬菌体测试 POU 设备似乎是合理的。此外，有关这些病毒的氯胺数据将有助于确定轮状病毒是否比脊髓灰质炎病毒和噬菌体 MS2 更具抗性。
