Aidarkhanova A, Larionova N, Tashekova A, Dyussembayeva M, Mamyrbayeva A, Timonova L, Shakenov Ye, Mulikova A, Aidarkhanov A
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology of the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2 Beibyt Atom Str. Kurchatov 180010 Kazakhsta
RSC Adv. 2024 Aug 20;14(36):26208-26218. doi: 10.1039/d4ra02557a. eCollection 2024 Aug 16.
The transboundary Irtysh River flows through the territory of three states: China, Kazakhstan and Russia. Industrial enterprises are located in the Irtysh River basin at the territory of Kazakhstan. Also, the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site can affect the state of the Irtysh River water. For this reason, researches were carried out to determine the content of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, macro-, microcomponents and heavy metals in the Irtysh River water. According to the results, no anomalous deviations in the concentration of radionuclides have been established. Except the radionuclide H, which almost constantly inputs in small quantities to the various components of the Irtysh River ecosystem with the Shagan River waters. In terms of the macrocomponent composition, only the Cl content and the degree of water hardness exceed the standards of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In terms of heavy metals and microcomponents (a total of 16 elements were identified), near the Ust-Kamenogorsk city the Fe content is 1.2-2 times higher than the MPC. Results of the calculations of the comprehensive water pollution index (CWPI) of the Irtysh River water at the Kazakhstan territory correspond to standard clean water.
跨界的额尔齐斯河流经中国、哈萨克斯坦和俄罗斯三个国家的领土。哈萨克斯坦境内的额尔齐斯河流域分布着工业企业。此外，塞米巴拉金斯克核试验场也可能影响额尔齐斯河的水质。因此，开展了相关研究以确定额尔齐斯河水中天然和人为放射性核素、常量和微量元素以及重金属的含量。结果表明，未发现放射性核素浓度存在异常偏差。除了放射性核素H，它几乎持续随沙尔加河水以少量形式进入额尔齐斯河生态系统的各个组成部分。就常量成分而言，只有氯含量和水硬度超过了哈萨克斯坦共和国的标准。就重金属和微量元素（共鉴定出16种元素）而言，在乌斯季卡缅诺戈尔斯克市附近，铁含量比最大允许浓度高1.2至2倍。哈萨克斯坦境内额尔齐斯河河水的综合水污染指数（CWPI）计算结果符合标准清洁水的水平。
