Yankauskas Alyona, Larionova Natalya, Shatrov Anton, Toporova Anna
Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology, National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov City 180010, Kazakhstan.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Oct 12;13(20):2860. doi: 10.3390/plants13202860.
This article presents the results of a study of the influence of radionuclide and chemical pollution on the morphological and anatomical parameters of plants growing in the territory of "Degelen" at the Semipalatinsk Test Site (STS). Quantitative data of morphological and anatomical parameters are given, and the content of radionuclides and toxic elements in samples of plants obtained. Statistical processing of the obtained data was conducted. The results revealed that elevated concentrations of radionuclides Cs and Sr, and the calculated absorbed dose, do not have effects on plants. Changes in the anatomical parameters of leaves and stems were observed at elevated concentrations of the elements: for leaves-Al, Pb, Sr, U, Ni, Rb, Sm; for stems-Al, Cr, Cd, U, Cu, Be, Ni, Sm, Fe. The mesophyll of the leaves and the epidermis of the stems were the most exposed to toxic elements. The data of the anatomical parameters are recommended to be used as indicative parameters of plants grown in chemically contaminated areas.
本文介绍了一项关于放射性核素和化学污染对塞米巴拉金斯克试验场（STS）“杰格连”地区生长的植物形态和解剖参数影响的研究结果。给出了形态和解剖参数的定量数据，以及所采集植物样本中放射性核素和有毒元素的含量。对所得数据进行了统计处理。结果表明，放射性核素铯和锶的浓度升高以及计算出的吸收剂量对植物没有影响。在元素浓度升高时，观察到叶片和茎的解剖参数发生了变化：对于叶片——铝、铅、锶、铀、镍、铷、钐；对于茎——铝、铬、镉、铀、铜、铍、镍、钐、铁。叶片的叶肉和茎的表皮最易受到有毒元素的影响。建议将解剖参数数据用作化学污染地区生长植物的指示参数。
