Family Translational Research Group, New York University, United States.
Family Translational Research Group, New York University, United States.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2024 Nov;113:102468. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102468. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
Concerns surrounding electronic addictions, an umbrella term including any clinically significant technology-based addictive problem, have increased as technology has advanced. Although researchers and clinicians have observed detrimental effects associated with excessive technology use, there is no agreed-on definition or set of criteria for these problems. The lack of a consistent understanding of electronic addictions has led to a lack of consistency in both assessment and treatment studies, precluding strong recommendations for effective screening and clinical intervention. This meta-review integrates findings from 22 systematic reviews and meta-analyses of electronic addictions to determine which measures and interventions may effectively measure and treat electronic addictions. We conducted a meta-review using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Findings suggest that although some measures may have good internal consistency and reliability among college students, there was a general lack of consistency in how measures were used across studies, making comparison difficult. Psychological and exercise-based interventions were shown to reduce symptoms of electronic addictions short-term, but no treatment was superior to others in overall symptom reduction. Most included reviews raise serious concerns about the lack of consensus on what constitutes an electronic addiction. Consequently, it was not possible to draw conclusions about the overall efficacy of any measurement tools or interventions. We provide suggestions for next steps to establish the phenomenology of electronic addictions before additional research on assessment and intervention is conducted.
随着技术的进步，人们对电子成瘾的担忧（电子成瘾是一个涵盖任何具有临床意义的基于技术的成瘾问题的总称）越来越多。尽管研究人员和临床医生已经观察到与过度使用技术相关的不良影响，但这些问题没有一个公认的定义或标准。由于缺乏对电子成瘾的一致理解，导致在评估和治疗研究中缺乏一致性，无法为有效的筛查和临床干预提供有力建议。这项元综述整合了 22 项关于电子成瘾的系统评价和荟萃分析的研究结果，以确定哪些措施和干预措施可能有效地衡量和治疗电子成瘾。我们按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行了元综述。研究结果表明，虽然一些措施在大学生中可能具有良好的内部一致性和可靠性，但在研究中如何使用这些措施存在普遍缺乏一致性，使得比较变得困难。心理和运动干预在短期内可减少电子成瘾的症状，但在总体症状减轻方面，没有一种治疗方法优于其他方法。大多数纳入的综述对电子成瘾的定义缺乏共识提出了严重的担忧。因此，不可能对任何测量工具或干预措施的总体疗效得出结论。我们提出了一些建议，以在对评估和干预进行进一步研究之前，确定电子成瘾的现象学。
