Rajati Fatemeh, Rajati Mojgan, Chegeni Maryam, Kazeminia Mohsen
Department of Health Promotion and Education, School of Health, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermansha, Iran.
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Motazedi Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
ARYA Atheroscler. 2024 Mar-Apr;20(2):61-73. doi: 10.48305/arya.2024.42327.2930.
Myocardial Infarction (MI) refers to the destruction and death of cells in the myocardium of the heart. Its prevalence increases with age due to changes in the cardiovascular system. The aim of the present study was to combine, summarize, standardize, resolve inconsistencies in the results of studies, and investigate the impact of potential factors on the prevalence rate of MI in the elderly through a systematic review and meta-analysis.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted from 1987 to March 2022. All relevant published studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) databases, and Google Scholar search engine using related MeSH/Emtree and Free Text words. The heterogeneity among studies was quantified using the I index.
In the initial search, 35453 studies were identified. After eliminating irrelevant studies, finally, 29 articles with a sample size of 3279136 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. After combining the results of the studies included in the meta-analysis, the total prevalence of MI in the elderly was estimated to be 17.6% (95% CI: 12.8 - 23.7%), 16.1% (95% CI: 11.0 - 22.8%) in males, and 12.5% (95% CI: 9.2 - 16.8%) in females. The prevalence of MI increased with the year of publication and the mean age of the elderly (P < 0.001).
The results showed that due to the high prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) in the elderly, it should be addressed within healthcare systems and policy makers should pay more attention to prevention of MI. However, considering the inclusion of heterogeneous studies, the pooled estimation should be interpreted with caution.
心肌梗死（MI）是指心脏心肌细胞的破坏和死亡。由于心血管系统的变化，其患病率随年龄增长而增加。本研究的目的是通过系统评价和荟萃分析，综合、总结、规范、解决研究结果中的不一致性，并调查潜在因素对老年人MI患病率的影响。
本系统评价和荟萃分析于1987年至2022年3月进行。使用相关的医学主题词/Emtree词和自由文本词，在PubMed、Embase、Scopus、科学网（WoS）数据库以及谷歌学术搜索引擎中检索所有相关的已发表研究。使用I指数对研究间的异质性进行量化。
在初步检索中，共识别出35453项研究。排除不相关研究后，最终有29篇文章纳入荟萃分析，涉及3279136名受试者。综合荟萃分析中纳入研究的结果后，估计老年人MI的总患病率为17.6%（95%置信区间：12.8 - 23.7%），男性为16.1%（95%置信区间：11.0 - 22.8%），女性为12.5%（95%置信区间：9.2 - 16.8%）。MI的患病率随发表年份和老年人的平均年龄增加而升高（P < 0.001）。
结果表明，由于老年人中心肌梗死（MI）的患病率较高，医疗保健系统应予以关注，政策制定者应更加重视MI的预防。然而，考虑到纳入了异质性研究，对汇总估计结果的解释应谨慎。
